Electoral System

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option b

Explanation
Statement I is correct: India has a relatively low literacy rate, and a complex system like proportional representation could be difficult for many voters to understand. The first-past-the-post system used in the Lok Sabha elections is simpler for voters to grasp, where they simply vote for a candidate in their constituency.

Statement II is correct: Proportional representation involves a more complex voting system and larger constituencies. This could increase the logistical and financial costs of elections, making it more expensive to implement at a national level. The first-past-the-post system is simpler and more cost-effective for organizing elections.

Statement III is incorrect: In fact, proportional representation reduces majority thinking and promotes a more inclusive system, where even smaller or minority groups can have representation. It would encourage diverse representation of different political parties and groups, as opposed to the first-past-the-post system, which tends to favor larger political parties.

Statement IV is incorrect: Proportional representation strengthens the role of political parties rather than individuals. In a PR system, the party list system is often used, where voters choose a party rather than an individual candidate, and the parties allocate seats based on the proportion of votes they receive. In contrast, the first-past-the-post system emphasizes individual candidates.