Society during the Chola period (10th-11th century)
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Question 1
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Consider the following statements regarding society during the Chola period (10th–11th century):
1. The Devadasi system emerged during this time.
2. Widow remarriage was not commonly practiced.
3. The practice of dowry was not prevalent.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a). 1 and 2 only
(b). 2 only
(c). 3 only
(d). 2 and 3 only
Explanation Statement 1 is correct: The Devadasi system, involving women dedicated to temple service through dance and music, emerged during the early medieval period, particularly under the Chola dynasty. These women, known as Devar Adigalar in Tamil, played integral roles in religious and cultural activities within temples. It was a unique form of worship in India, where these women rendered service to the presiding deity.
Statement 2 is correct: There is no evidence supporting widow remarriage during the Imperial Chola period. It is clear that the practice was not prevalent. Widows, known as “Kalikala Magalir,” would remove their jewelry upon their husband's death as a customary practice indicating societal expectations of widowhood.
Statement 3 is not correct: The practice of giving dowry was common during the Imperial Chola period. Literary sources indicate that dowries often included gold, jewelry, musical instruments, furniture, household items, and even land.
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