Nuclear Energy

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option a

Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are designed to be built in factories and transported to sites for assembly, reducing both construction time and costs. Their modular nature allows for scalability, meaning additional units can be added as needed.

Statement 2 is correct: SMRs generally have enhanced safety features and lower uranium enrichment levels compared to some traditional reactors, which can reduce proliferation risks. Many SMR designs use sealed fuel systems, reducing the risk of nuclear material diversion. However, proliferation risks depend on design specifics, some advanced reactors using high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) might raise concerns if not properly safeguarded.
Overall, SMRs tend to have lower proliferation risks, but it is not an absolute guarantee.

Statement 3 is not correct: The IAEA provides guidelines and safety recommendations for nuclear reactors, including SMRs, but it does not regulate their commercial deployment. Regulation is the responsibility of national governments, which set their own nuclear safety and licensing frameworks.

The IAEA acts as an advisory and monitoring body, ensuring compliance with international safety and non-proliferation standards.