Consider the following pairs:
Projects/Mission Objectives
1. Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM): Understanding atmosphere and environment of Venus.
2. Bhartiya Antriksh Station: To be established in operational mode in Space by 2028.
3. Chandrayaan
4 Mission: India’s human mission to the Moon by 2028.
How many of the above pairs are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

Question

Consider the following pairs:
Projects/Mission Objectives
1. Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM): Understanding atmosphere and environment of Venus.
2. Bhartiya Antriksh Station: To be established in operational mode in Space by 2028.
3. Chandrayaan
4 Mission: India&rsquo;s human mission to the Moon by 2028.
How many of the above pairs are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None

ONLiNE UPSC · Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is correct: The ambitious Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) marks a major step forward in India's planetary exploration efforts beyond the Moon and Mars. Venus, the planet closest to Earth and believed to have formed under conditions similar to our own, presents a unique opportunity to study how planetary environments can evolve in dramatically different ways. This mission aligns with the government's long-term vision of advancing space exploration capabilities.

Statement 2 is not correct: The construction of the first module of the Bhartiya Antriksh Station (BAS-1) marks a significant expansion of the Gaganyaan program. This decision paves the way for missions aimed at developing and validating the technologies required to build and operate the Indian space station. The revised scope of the Gaganyaan program will now include precursor missions for BAS, additional hardware requirements, and the inclusion of an additional uncrewed mission. The Gaganyaan program, initially approved in December 2018, was designed to launch human spaceflight missions to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and lay the groundwork for India's long-term ambitions in human space exploration. The expanded vision of the Indian space program during Amrit Kaal includes establishing an operational Bhartiya Antriksh Station by 2035 and sending an Indian crewed mission to the Moon by 2040. The program will involve eight missions, to be completed by 2028, including the launch of the first unit of BAS-1.

Statement 3 is not correct: Chandrayaan-4 is not a human lunar mission. It is an uncrewed lunar sample return mission, meant to demonstrate technologies such as docking, sample collection, and safe return to Earth.Chandrayaan-4 is a critical step toward establishing India's capabilities for a human mission to the Moon, planned for 2040.The human mission to the Moon is envisioned for 2040, not 2028.

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M Question 1	⏱ 0
Consider the following pairs: Projects/Mission Objectives 1. Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM): Understanding atmosphere and environment of Venus. 2. Bhartiya Antriksh Station: To be established in operational mode in Space by 2028. 3. Chandrayaan 4 Mission: India’s human mission to the Moon by 2028. How many of the above pairs are correct? (a) Only one (b) Only two (c) All three (d) None