Genome India Project

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option c

Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: Genome India Project (GIP) is a national project funded by the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, and spearheaded by Centre for Brain Research at IISc,Bangalore aiming to identify genetic variations through whole genome sequencing of 10,000 representative individuals across India in the first phase of the study.
The 20 national institutes across the country are part of this project. The specific aims of the project are:

• Create an exhaustive catalog of genetic variations (common, low frequency, rare, single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs and structural variations) in Indians.
• Create a reference haplotype structure for Indians. This reference panel can be used for imputing missing genetic variation in future GWA studies.
• Design genome-wide arrays for research and diagnostics at an affordable cost.

Establish a biobank for DNA and plasma collected for future use in research.

Statement 2 is correct: This data can be associated with physical traits or disease history, aiding in the identification of disease-indicating variants and resistance-indicating variants. The first whole human genome sequence was announced in 2003. It was completed over 13 years at the cost of $3 billion. The Genome India Project is crucial because mutations found in India may not be present globally. For instance, certain mutations associated with cardiac arrest or lethal skin conditions are prevalent in the Indian population but rare globally. In order to reach those girls who are unable to attend school on the campaign day, the vaccination would be provided at a health facility while for out-of-school girls the campaign would be conducted through Community Outreach and Mobile teams based on age (9-14 years).