Consider the following statements regarding subordinate courts in India:
1. Subordinate courts function under the administrative control of the High Courts in each state.
2. The jurisdiction of subordinate courts is defined by the Constitution.
3. The appointment, posting and promotion of district judges in a state are made by the chief justice of the respective high court.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

Question

Consider the following statements regarding subordinate courts in India:
1. Subordinate courts function under the administrative control of the High Courts in each state.
2. The jurisdiction of subordinate courts is defined by the Constitution.
3. The appointment, posting and promotion of district judges in a state are made by the chief justice of the respective high court.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, and 3

ONLiNE UPSC · Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is Correct: Subordinate courts, including district courts and lower courts, function under the administrative control of the High Courts of their respective states. The High Courts supervise the working of these courts, ensuring that their judgments and procedures are in line with legal standards.

Statement 2 not correct: The jurisdiction of subordinate courts is not explicitly granted by the Constitution. Instead, their jurisdiction is defined by legislation such as the Civil Procedure Code (CPC) and Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC). These courts handle civil and criminal cases based on the legislative framework, not directly from the Constitution.

Statement 3 not correct: The appointment, posting and promotion of district judges in a state are made by the Governor of the state in consultation with the high court. A person to be appointed as district judge should have the following qualifications:
(a) He should not already be in the service of the Central or the state government.
(b) He should have been an advocate or a pleader for seven years.
(c) He should be recommended by the high court for appointment.

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M Question 1	⏱ 0
Consider the following statements regarding subordinate courts in India: 1. Subordinate courts function under the administrative control of the High Courts in each state. 2. The jurisdiction of subordinate courts is defined by the Constitution. 3. The appointment, posting and promotion of district judges in a state are made by the chief justice of the respective high court. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 1 and 2 only (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2, and 3