Economics

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option c

Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: While wages of casual labourers maintained a modest upward trend during 2012–22, real wages of regular workers either remained stagnant or declined. Self-employed real earnings also declined after 2019. Overall, wages have remained low. As much as 62 per cent of the unskilled casual agriculture workers and 70 per cent of such workers in the construction sector at the all-India level did not receive the prescribed daily minimum wages in 2022.

Statement 2 is not correct: Youths have greater participation than adults in regular employment and comparatively lower participation in self-employment. Among self-employed persons, the proportion of unpaid family workers is much larger for youths than for adults.

Statement 3 is correct: The youth unemployment rate has increased with the level of education, with the highest rates among those with a graduate degree or higher and higher among women than men. In 2022, the unemployment rate among youths was six times greater than among persons with a secondary or higher level of education (at 18.4 per cent) and nine times greater among graduates (at 29.1 per cent) than for persons who cannot read and write (at 3.4 percent). Educated female youths experienced higher levels of unemployment compared with educated male youths.