European Exploration and Colonization of India

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option b

Explanation
Statement 1 is correct:.The Portuguese were the first European power to establish a sea route to India in the late 15th century, led by Vasco da Gama in 1498. The Portuguese were primarily focused on controlling the spice trade, and they established trading posts in key regions such as Goa, Malabar, and other coastal areas of India.

Statement 2 is not correct: The Portuguese ships carried cannon, and this was the first step in gaining monopoly over trade with the threat or actual use of force. The Portuguese declared their intention to abide by no rules except their own, and they were intent on getting a decisive advantage over the Indians and over the Indian Ocean trading system.

Statement 3 is correct: In the Malabar of the 16th century, the Portuguese showed military innovation in their use of body armour, matchlock men, and guns landed from the ships.