Consider the following statements:
1. It was the Rowlatt satyagraha that made Mahatma Gandhi truly a national leader.
2. Non-Cooperation urged renouncing all voluntary ties with the British Government.
3. Mahatma Gandhi believed true non-cooperation could achieve swaraj in a year.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only

Question

Consider the following statements:
1. It was the Rowlatt satyagraha that made Mahatma Gandhi truly a national leader.
2. Non-Cooperation urged renouncing all voluntary ties with the British Government.
3. Mahatma Gandhi believed true non-cooperation could achieve swaraj in a year.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3 only

ONLiNE UPSC · Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is correct.The Rowlatt Act of 1919 allowed detention without trial, sparking widespread protests. Gandhi launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha in March 1919, uniting Indians across religions and regions in a mass civil disobedience campaign. This marked Gandhi's emergence as a national leader, gaining him support among diverse communities. The tragic Jallianwala Bagh massacre (April 1919) further fueled resistance under his leadership.

Statement 2 is correct. The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922) was Gandhiji's call to sever ties with the British by boycotting schools, courts, and foreign goods. Inspired by the Khilafat issue and Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Gandhi collaborated with leaders like Maulana Azad and Ali Brothers. This nonviolent mass movement galvanized Indians, emphasizing swadeshi and self-reliance as tools for independence.

Statement 3 is correct. Gandhi declared that genuine adherence to non-cooperation principles could lead to swaraj (self-rule) within a year. He believed in mass civil disobedience combined with self-discipline and moral strength. The movement's wide participation and British concessions, such as withdrawing the Rowlatt Act, underscored its potential for achieving independence, though ultimate swaraj took longer.

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E Question 1	⏱ 0
Consider the following statements: 1. It was the Rowlatt satyagraha that made Mahatma Gandhi truly a national leader. 2. Non-Cooperation urged renouncing all voluntary ties with the British Government. 3. Mahatma Gandhi believed true non-cooperation could achieve swaraj in a year. Which of the above statements is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 2 and 3 only (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 only