Consider the following information : Philosophy Propounded by Principle
1. Samkhya Kapila Liberation is possible only through real knowledge
2. Vaisheshika Kanada All objects of the universe are composed of five basic atomic elements
3. Vedantic Adi Shankaracharya Philosophy of the Upanishad
In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Explanation Row 1 is correctly matched: Samkhya Philosophy talks of ‘Dukha’ and its remedy in Karma and Discipline. The founder of this philosophy was Kapila, who wrote the ‘Samkhya-sutra’. It does not recognize god. According to it, liberation is possible only through real knowledge and knowledge can be acquired through observation, inferences and words. According to it, the world is a production of natural forces.
Row 2 is correctly matched: Vaisheshika system is considered as the realistic and objective philosophy of the universe. Vaisheshika thinkers believe that all objects of the universe are composed of five basic atomic elements – earth, water, air, fire and ether. Kanada wrote the basic text of Vaisheshika philosophy and he got this name as he was always interested in the smallest of particles ‘Kana’.
Row 3 is correctly matched: Uttar Mimamsa or Vedantic Philosophy deals with Vedanta or it implies the philosophy of the Upanishad, the concluding portion of the Vedas. It rejected the rituals and propounded the philosophy of atma-parmatma monism. It was given by Badrayana, but popularized by Adi Shankaracharya who wrote the commentaries on the Upanishads, Brahma Sutras and the Bhagavad Gita. This philosophy largely shaped contemporary Indian culture.
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