With reference to India in the 18th century, consider the following statements:
1. Persian education was popular among both Hindus and Muslims.
2. Elementary education was widespread during the period.
3. Education was not restricted for higher caste and men of the society.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation Statement 1 is correct: In 18th-century India, higher education was mainly based on Sanskrit and was primarily limited to Brahmins. Persian education, important for official matters, was popular among both Hindus and Muslims.
Statement 2 is correct: Elementary education was quite widespread. Among the Hindus it was imparted through town and village schools while among the Muslims through the Maulvis in maktabs situated in mosques. A drawback was that girls were seldom given education, though some women of the higher classes were an exception.
Statement 3 is correct: Though education was primarily for higher castes like Brahmins, Rajputs, and Vaishyas, many from lower castes also received education. A drawback was that girls were seldom given education, though some women of the higher classes were an exception.
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