Indian National Movement

Choose the Correct Answer

Correct Answer : Option b

Explanation
Company 1 is correct. The Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company was founded in 1906 by V.O. Chidambaram Pillai in Tamil Nadu. It was established to challenge British monopolies in maritime trade, particularly the British Indian Steam Navigation Company. The company’s efforts symbolized economic self-reliance during the Swadeshi Movement. It played a critical role in fostering patriotic resistance against colonial exploitation.

Institution 2 is not correct. The Engineering College at Roorkee was established in 1847 by Sir James Thomason as the Thomason College of Civil Engineering. It aimed to train engineers for public works like canals and railways. Now known as the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, it has contributed significantly to India’s infrastructure development and the production of skilled technical professionals.

Institution 3 is correct. The Bengal Technical Institute, established in 1906 during the Swadeshi Movement, was founded by Nilratan Sircar and Taraknath Palit and supported by nationalist leaders like Rash Behari Ghosh. It aimed to promote technical education as a means of reducing reliance on British expertise. The institute contributed to India’s self-reliance, producing engineers and technologists who later contributed to the freedom struggle.

Institution 4 is not correct. The University of Calcutta, established in 1857, was one of the first modern universities in India. It was founded by the British colonial government to provide Western education. It became a hub for nationalist thought, producing leaders like Subhas Chandra Bose, Chittaranjan Das, and Rabindranath Tagore, who contributed significantly to India’s freedom struggle and intellectual growth.