Consider the following statements:
1. The Marathas emerged as the clear victors in the First Anglo-Maratha War with the Treaty of Salbai.
2. The Third Anglo-Maratha War resulted in the British gaining control over Agra and Delhi.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation Statement 1 is not correct: The First Anglo-Maratha War (1775–1782) ended with the Treaty of Salbai, but it did not result in a clear victory for either side. The treaty restored the status quo, allowing the Marathas to maintain their dominance in the Deccan and ensuring the British retained control over Bombay and Salsette. The treaty was an agreement to avoid further hostilities rather than a decisive victory.
Statement 2 is not correct: The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805), not the Third, resulted in the British gaining control over Delhi and Agra, as well as territories in Northern India. The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–1819) marked the final defeat of the Marathas, leading to the abolition of the Peshwa's position and the annexation of vast Maratha territories, but it did not directly involve gaining control over Delhi or Agra, as they were already under British influence after the Second Anglo-Maratha War.
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