With reference to Mountain landforms, which of the following is not correct?
(a) Fold mountains are the result of compressional forces and their height increases continuously due to ongoing orogenic processes.
(b) Block mountains are formed due to tensional forces, where large crustal blocks are uplifted along fault lines.
(c) Volcanic mountains are always found at convergent plate boundaries.
(d) Residual mountains are formed by differential erosion where softer layers are worn away over time.

Question

With reference to Mountain landforms, which of the following is not correct?
(a) Fold mountains are the result of compressional forces and their height increases continuously due to ongoing orogenic processes.
(b) Block mountains are formed due to tensional forces, where large crustal blocks are uplifted along fault lines.
(c) Volcanic mountains are always found at convergent plate boundaries.
(d) Residual mountains are formed by differential erosion where softer layers are worn away over time.

ONLiNE UPSC · Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is correct: While fold mountains like the Himalayas and Alps are formed by compressional forces, their height does increase (not always) continuously due to ongoing orogenic processes.

Statement 2 is correct: Block mountains (e.g. Satpura and Vindhya) form due to tensional forces, where sections of the Earth&rsquo;s crust are uplifted or lowered along fault lines, creating steep escarpments and rift valleys.

Statement 3 is not correct: Volcanic mountains can form at both convergent and divergent plate boundaries. While subduction zones create volcanoes (e.g., the Andes), rift zones and hotspots (e.g., Iceland, Hawaii) also lead to volcanic activity, making the statement too restrictive.

Statement 4 is correct: Residual mountains (e.g., Aravalli in India) form through differential erosion, where harder rock layers remain while softer materials erode, leaving behind isolated peaks or ridges.

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M Question 1	⏱ 0
With reference to Mountain landforms, which of the following is not correct? (a) Fold mountains are the result of compressional forces and their height increases continuously due to ongoing orogenic processes. (b) Block mountains are formed due to tensional forces, where large crustal blocks are uplifted along fault lines. (c) Volcanic mountains are always found at convergent plate boundaries. (d) Residual mountains are formed by differential erosion where softer layers are worn away over time.