Explanation Row 1 is not correct: Pathogens are disease-causing microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses) typically found in sewage, not industrial waste. Their harmful effects include diseases like cholera and typhoid, not genetic defects or cancer.
Row 2 is correct: Organic pollutants (e.g., detergents, sewage, agricultural runoff) come from household waste and contribute to eutrophication (excessive nutrient enrichment in water bodies leading to algal blooms and oxygen depletion).
Row 3 is correct: Acid mine drainage releases acidic and alkaline substances into water bodies, making water unfit for drinking.
Row 4 is correct: According to a recent study by the United States Department of Energy’s Energy Link System, the biological effects of radiation depend upon the total dose received by the organism and the length of time in which the dose is administered. The effects range from death to physiological disturbances that are too slight to be observed. The damage that results from small doses is the kind of damage to be expected from the addition of radioisotopes to the sea.
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