Current Affairs Practice Question›› General Science ››
Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)
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Production and Characteristics
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Question 1
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Which of the following statements regarding Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is/are correct?
1. It can be produced from renewable biomass and waste materials, offering performance comparable to conventional petroleum-based jet fuel.
2. It can also be synthesized through advanced processes that capture carbon directly from the atmosphere.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
India’s leading refiner and fuel retailer, Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), is set to commence commercial production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) at its Panipat refinery by December 2025.
Statement 1 is correct: Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) can be produced from renewable biomass and waste materials, such as agricultural residues, forestry waste, and municipal solid waste. These fuels are engineered to match the performance of conventional petroleum-based jet fuel, making them suitable for existing aircraft and infrastructure.
Statement 2 is correct: SAF can also be produced synthetically through advanced processes like Direct Air Capture (DAC), which extracts carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere. This CO₂ is then combined with green hydrogen (produced via electrolysis using renewable energy) and converted into liquid fuel through methods like Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. These synthetic fuels, often called eSAF or e-kerosene, represent a cutting-edge approach to decarbonizing aviation.
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