Directions for the following 2 (Two) items:
Read the following passage and answer the items that follow. Your answers to these items should be based on the passage only.

Passage-1

“The ryots first place spies on the boundaries of their villages to see if any Government officers come, and to give timely intimation of their arrival to the offenders. They then assemble in a body and go to the houses of their creditors, and demand from them a surrender of their bonds and other documents, and threaten them in case of refusal with assault and plunder. If any Government officer happens to approach the villages where the above is taking place, the spies give intimation to the offenders and the latter disperse in time.”

Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Individual ryots lack the negotiating power or physical capacity to successfully confront creditors on their own.
2. Any assembly of ryots in large numbers is considered a potential threat to public order and therefore an offense.

Which of the assumptions given above is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Question

Directions for the following 2 (Two) items:
Read the following passage and answer the items that follow. Your answers to these items should be based on the passage only.

Passage-1

&ldquo;The ryots first place spies on the boundaries of their villages to see if any Government officers come, and to give timely intimation of their arrival to the offenders. They then assemble in a body and go to the houses of their creditors, and demand from them a surrender of their bonds and other documents, and threaten them in case of refusal with assault and plunder. If any Government officer happens to approach the villages where the above is taking place, the spies give intimation to the offenders and the latter disperse in time.&rdquo;

Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Individual ryots lack the negotiating power or physical capacity to successfully confront creditors on their own.
2. Any assembly of ryots in large numbers is considered a potential threat to public order and therefore an offense.

Which of the assumptions given above is/are valid?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

ONLiNE UPSC · Accepted Answer

Statement 1 is correct: The passage states that &ldquo;They (the ryots) then assemble in a body and go to the houses of their creditors, and demand from them a surrender of their bonds and other documents, and threaten them in case of refusal with assault and plunder&rdquo;. Assembling "in a body" to make demands and threats implies that collective action is perceived as necessary for success. This suggests an underlying assumption that an individual ryot would be too vulnerable or ineffective against a creditor.

Statement 2 is not correct: The passage specifies the ryots are "offenders" in the context of their specific actions against creditors (demand from them a surrender of their bonds and other documents, and threaten them in case of refusal with assault and plunder). It doesn't assume any large assembly is an offense, but this particular assembly engaged in these particular acts.

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M Question 1	⏱ 0
Directions for the following 2 (Two) items: Read the following passage and answer the items that follow. Your answers to these items should be based on the passage only. Passage-1 “The ryots first place spies on the boundaries of their villages to see if any Government officers come, and to give timely intimation of their arrival to the offenders. They then assemble in a body and go to the houses of their creditors, and demand from them a surrender of their bonds and other documents, and threaten them in case of refusal with assault and plunder. If any Government officer happens to approach the villages where the above is taking place, the spies give intimation to the offenders and the latter disperse in time.” Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made: 1. Individual ryots lack the negotiating power or physical capacity to successfully confront creditors on their own. 2. Any assembly of ryots in large numbers is considered a potential threat to public order and therefore an offense. Which of the assumptions given above is/are valid? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2