Ground-level ozone is a highly reactive gas, formed when pollutants from vehicles, power plants, industrial facilities, and other sources undergo chemical reactions in sunlight. This type of ozone is a significant component of urban smog.
Exposure to elevated levels of ground-level ozone can lead to respiratory system irritation, trigger asthma attacks, and worsen chronic lung conditions such as emphysema and bronchitis. It can also increase hospital admissions related to lung issues.
From January 1 to July 18, 2024, Delhi-NCR recorded 176 days where ground-level ozone exceeded safe levels out of 200 days. Other cities like Mumbai, Hyderabad, Pune, Jaipur, Chennai, and Kolkata also reported significant exceedances.
High concentrations of ground-level ozone can cause airway inflammation and damage, making individuals more prone to respiratory infections and exacerbating conditions such as asthma and chronic bronchitis.
This type of ozone forms from a reaction between nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) under sunlight. This photochemical reaction is more prominent in urban areas with heavy traffic and industrial activity.
The study revealed that even green or affluent neighborhoods were not immune to high ozone levels, highlighting the widespread nature of this environmental issue.
Data from 2024 indicated an increase in ozone exceedance days compared to previous years, pointing towards a deteriorating situation in terms of air quality.
To combat rising ozone levels, it is crucial to reduce emissions from vehicles, industrial sources, and power plants. Implementing stricter air quality regulations can also play a significant role in tackling this issue.
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