The Shaniwar Wada murals are remarkable historical wall paintings crafted in 1732 by talented Rajasthani artists under the reign of Peshwa Bajirao I. These captivating artworks feature Hindu deities such as Ganapati, Riddhi-Siddhi, Vishnu on Sheshnag, Laxmi, Garud, Hanuman, and the Dasha Avatars, which represent the ten incarnations of Vishnu. Positioned at the gatehouse of Shaniwar Wada in Pune, these murals are a visual chronicle of the era.
Unfortunately, a major fire in 1828 inflicted severe damage to the murals. Over time, environmental exposure, pollution, and chronic neglect have contributed to the deterioration of this precious artwork. Today, only two murals near the entrance remain as a testament to their former glory, while the rest have been lost to time.
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) initiated a meticulous three-month restoration project that included:
During the restoration process, experts encountered significant challenges, particularly in identifying the original pigment materials using Raman spectroscopy, which yielded inconclusive results. The restoration had to be executed in small patches, with each requiring detailed, time-consuming effort to ensure accuracy and fidelity to the original artwork.
Constructed in 1732, Shaniwar Wada served as the administrative headquarters of the Peshwas. One of its notable architectural features is the “Delhi Darwaza” (main gate), characterized by its bent-axis approach, which embodies the fortified design tradition of the Marathas.
Currently, the murals remain exposed to natural elements, raising concerns about their preservation. There are ongoing discussions regarding the potential use of protective glass to shield them. Notably, the murals on the eastern walls have suffered more deterioration due to direct sunlight, underscoring the urgent need for effective protective measures.
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