In a remarkable discovery, researchers have identified a new species of spider, Dolomedes indicus, in the lush evergreen rainforests of the Western Ghats. This finding marks a significant addition to the biodiversity of India, particularly in the Wayanad district of Kerala.
Dolomedes indicus is part of the Dolomedes genus, commonly referred to as raft or fishing spiders. Unlike typical house spiders that use webs for trapping prey, this species exhibits active predatory behavior. It thrives in a semi-aquatic environment, utilizing the surface tension of water to hunt effectively.
These spiders have a unique hunting technique; they rest their legs on the water's surface to sense vibrations caused by struggling insects or small fish. With impressive agility, they can launch themselves across the water to capture their prey swiftly.
This new species showcases distinct physical features, especially among males, which display a striking snow-white marking that runs from their faces to the center of their backs. In contrast, females are larger and exhibit a greenish-brown hue, allowing them to camouflage seamlessly with the mossy rocks and vegetation along stream banks.
Dolomedes indicus is found in pristine, cool waters, indicating its sensitivity to environmental changes. Its presence could serve as a crucial indicator species for conservationists, helping to monitor the health of freshwater ecosystems. The survival of this spider may reflect the overall quality of its habitat, making it vital for biodiversity assessments.
The discovery of Dolomedes indicus not only adds to the rich tapestry of the Western Ghats' biodiversity but also underscores the importance of preserving such unique ecosystems. As researchers continue to study this species, it could provide valuable insights into aquatic habitats and their conservation.
Q1. What is Dolomedes indicus?
Answer: Dolomedes indicus is a newly discovered spider species found in the Western Ghats of India, known for its unique hunting techniques and ecological significance.
Q2. Where was Dolomedes indicus discovered?
Answer: This spider species was discovered in the evergreen rainforests of the Wayanad district, Kerala, India.
Q3. How does Dolomedes indicus hunt?
Answer: It hunts by resting its legs on water surfaces to detect vibrations from prey, then launching itself to capture insects or small fish.
Q4. What are the distinguishing features of Dolomedes indicus?
Answer: Males have a snow-white marking from the face to the back, while females are larger and greenish-brown, aiding in camouflage.
Q5. Why is Dolomedes indicus important for conservation?
Answer: As an indicator species, its presence reflects the health of freshwater ecosystems, making it vital for conservation efforts.
Question 1: What genus does Dolomedes indicus belong to?
A) Araneae
B) Dolomedes
C) Theridiidae
D) Lycosidae
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: In which Indian state was Dolomedes indicus discovered?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Karnataka
C) Kerala
D) Maharashtra
Correct Answer: C
Question 3: What is a unique feature of Dolomedes indicus males?
A) Large size
B) Greenish-brown color
C) Snow-white marking
D) No markings
Correct Answer: C
Question 4: What type of environment does Dolomedes indicus thrive in?
A) Desert
B) Urban areas
C) Pristine, cool waters
D) Dry forests
Correct Answer: C
Question 5: What role does Dolomedes indicus play in its ecosystem?
A) Pollinator
B) Predator
C) Herbivore
D) Decomposer
Correct Answer: B
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