Scientists from four institutions under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) have made a significant advancement by successfully sequencing the first-ever chromosome-level genome of the Indian yak (Bos grunniens). This breakthrough marks a pivotal moment in the field of genomic science in India.
The Indian yak is often referred to as the "ship of the Himalayas" due to its vital role in the daily lives of people residing in high-altitude regions. It serves multiple purposes, including providing meat, milk, and transportation across the challenging terrains of the mountains. Consequently, the yak is an integral part of the local economy and culture.
Sequencing the genome of the yak is a remarkable milestone that allows scientists to delve deeper into understanding its genetic structure. This knowledge will facilitate improvements in selective breeding practices, enhance productivity, and ensure better adaptability of yaks to climate stressors.
This genomic development is set to greatly benefit yak breeders. The genome data generated from this research will aid in advanced breeding programs by helping identify genes associated with desirable traits, such as:
By focusing on these traits, breeders can improve the overall quality of their herds and consequently increase their income.
The genomic project was coordinated by the ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, situated in Dirang, Arunachal Pradesh. Their leadership has been crucial in driving this innovative research forward.
This genomic advancement aligns seamlessly with India’s broader agricultural goals. By enhancing genetic research in livestock such as the yak, the country aims to promote sustainable animal husbandry practices in remote and high-altitude regions. This initiative is essential for supporting the livelihoods of Himalayan communities, ensuring that they can thrive in their unique environments.
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