Understanding the Impact of Lightning Strikes in India

1. Why have lightning strikes become a major concern in India?

Lightning has emerged as one of the deadliest weather phenomena in India, accounting for nearly half of all weather-related deaths. Rising temperatures, higher atmospheric moisture, and rapid urbanisation have made conditions more favourable for frequent and intense thunderstorms.

2. Which states are most prone to lightning strikes?

States such as Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, and West Bengal report the highest number of lightning incidents due to their climatic patterns and geographic features.

3. When is lightning most frequent in India?

Lightning activity peaks during the pre-monsoon months (April–June) and the monsoon season (July–August), especially in areas with open agricultural fields and water bodies.

4. How does climate change influence lightning frequency?

According to scientific estimates, every 1°C rise in temperature can increase lightning strikes by about 12%. Warmer air retains more moisture, intensifying thunderstorm formation and lightning activity.

5. What steps are being taken to reduce lightning deaths?

The government has implemented several initiatives, including:

• Deployment of advanced early warning systems and forecasting tools.
• Public alerts via mobile apps like ‘Damini’ and ‘Meghdoot’.
• Installation of lightning protection infrastructure in vulnerable areas.
• Awareness campaigns to educate rural communities about lightning safety.

6. What safety measures can individuals take during lightning events?

During a thunderstorm, people should:

• Avoid open fields, water bodies, tall isolated trees, and metal objects.
• Seek shelter indoors and stay away from windows or doors.
• Disconnect electrical appliances to prevent power surges.
• Refrain from using mobile phones or wired devices outdoors.

7. How many deaths have lightning strikes caused in recent years?

Between 2002 and 2024, lightning strikes have claimed over 50,000 lives in India, making it the country’s leading cause of weather-related fatalities.

8. Can technology prevent lightning strikes?

While lightning itself cannot be prevented, its impacts can be mitigated through advanced forecasting, timely alerts, community preparedness, and proper safety infrastructure.

9. Which sectors are most affected by lightning deaths?

Agricultural workers are the most affected, as lightning incidents often occur in open fields during working hours, exposing them directly to strikes.

10. Why is lightning protection critical for rural India?

Rural areas are particularly vulnerable due to limited access to sturdy shelters, real-time alerts, and protective installations. Strengthening rural lightning safety infrastructure is essential to safeguard lives and livelihoods during severe weather events.