The snow leopard is often referred to as the 'ghost of the mountains' due to its elusive nature and remarkable ability to blend into the rugged terrains of high altitudes. This unique adaptation makes them a challenge to observe in their natural habitat.
In India, it is estimated that around 718 snow leopards inhabit approximately 75,000 square kilometers across the Himalayan regions, including Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh. These majestic creatures are a vital part of these ecosystems.
Snow leopards face numerous threats that jeopardize their survival. Habitat loss, driven by climate change and unsustainable land use practices, poses significant challenges. Additionally, poaching for their body parts and increasing human-wildlife conflicts further exacerbate their declining numbers.
To combat these threats, India has launched several conservation initiatives. Notably, Project Snow Leopard (PSL) and the National Snow Leopard Ecosystem Protection Program (NSLEP) focus on habitat restoration, conflict mitigation, and combating illegal wildlife trade. Furthermore, the SECURE Himalaya Project, supported by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), aims to promote sustainable management of alpine pastures and forests.
As an umbrella species, snow leopards play a crucial role in maintaining the health of their ecosystems. Their conservation not only aids in preserving various flora and fauna but also helps prevent habitat degradation and ensures the sustainability of freshwater sources essential for both humans and wildlife.
Q1. Why are snow leopards called the 'ghost of the mountains'?
Answer: Snow leopards are called the 'ghost of the mountains' due to their elusive nature and ability to camouflage in rugged, high-altitude environments, making them hard to spot.
Q2. How many snow leopards are found in India?
Answer: India is estimated to have around 718 snow leopards that inhabit approximately 75,000 square kilometers in the Himalayan regions.
Q3. What are the primary threats to snow leopards?
Answer: The main threats include habitat loss from climate change, poaching, human-wildlife conflict, and unsustainable land use practices, all contributing to their decline.
Q4. What initiatives are in place for their conservation?
Answer: Key initiatives include Project Snow Leopard and the National Snow Leopard Ecosystem Protection Program, focusing on habitat restoration and conflict mitigation.
Q5. How do snow leopards benefit their ecosystem?
Answer: As an umbrella species, snow leopards help maintain ecological balance, supporting biodiversity and preventing habitat degradation, which is crucial for water resources.
Question 1: What is the estimated population of snow leopards in India?
A) 500
B) 718
C) 1,000
D) 1,500
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Which program focuses on snow leopard conservation in India?
A) Project Tiger
B) Project Snow Leopard
C) National Wildlife Action Plan
D) Global Environment Facility
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: What is a major threat to snow leopard habitats?
A) Urban development
B) Climate change
C) Tourism
D) Agriculture
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: How do snow leopards contribute to their ecosystems?
A) By controlling prey populations
B) By increasing vegetation
C) By enhancing water quality
D) All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Question 5: What does the SECURE Himalaya Project aim to achieve?
A) Increase snow leopard population
B) Promote sustainable management of alpine ecosystems
C) Build infrastructure in Himalayan regions
D) Boost tourism in the Himalayas
Correct Answer: B
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