India has set a bold target to develop at least 100 gigawatts (GW) of nuclear power generation capacity by 2047. This ambitious goal is part of its broader energy strategy aimed at enhancing energy security and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.
As of now, nuclear energy accounts for approximately 1.8% of India's installed power capacity, which indicates a significant opportunity for growth. India currently operates 24 nuclear reactors distributed across eight nuclear power plants.
The country's nuclear fleet consists of various reactor types, including:
The Indo-US nuclear deal, reached in 2008, was a pivotal moment for India's nuclear energy program. It allowed the United States to relax its nuclear fuel and technology sanctions, facilitating the growth of India's nuclear sector.
The Indian government intends to achieve a twelve-fold expansion of its nuclear power capacity by 2047. A particular focus is placed on developing indigenous Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), which are factory-manufactured and offer a more affordable and quicker installation process compared to large reactors.
SMRs are designed to enhance nuclear power capacity efficiently, making them ideal for deployment in locations such as data centers, where traditional large reactors may not be feasible. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), India is expected to build 7.2 GW of capacity via SMRs by 2050 under its announced pledges scenario.
Globally, interest in nuclear energy is experiencing a resurgence. Many countries are investing in new nuclear plants and extending the life of existing ones. The IEA reported that 2023 will see nuclear generation reach record highs.
Countries such as France, the United States, China, and Russia are leading in nuclear power generation, with France meeting around 60% of its energy needs through nuclear sources in 2023. Overall, nuclear power contributes to approximately 10% of global electricity generation.
Nuclear energy serves as a low-carbon electricity source, playing a crucial role in meeting global emissions targets and combating climate change. Expanding nuclear power in India could significantly contribute to these goals.
While the target for a twelve-fold expansion is a "tall order," challenges related to financing, technology development, and public acceptance may arise. However, the potential benefits include enhanced energy security, reduced fossil fuel reliance, and significant contributions to meeting climate objectives.
In comparison to other countries, India's nuclear energy sector is still developing. While India's current nuclear capacity is relatively small compared to leaders like France and the United States, it is poised for rapid growth.
Q1. What is India's nuclear power generation target for 2047?
Answer: India aims to achieve a nuclear power generation capacity of at least 100 GW by the year 2047.
Q2. What percentage of India's current power capacity is nuclear energy?
Answer: Currently, nuclear energy constitutes about 1.8% of India's total installed power capacity.
Q3. How many nuclear reactors are operational in India?
Answer: India has a total of 24 operational nuclear reactors across eight different nuclear power plants.
Q4. What are Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)?
Answer: SMRs are compact, factory-manufactured nuclear reactors designed for easier installation and are aimed at increasing nuclear capacity affordably.
Q5. What role does nuclear energy play in global emissions targets?
Answer: As a low-carbon energy source, nuclear power is vital for achieving global emissions targets and mitigating climate change impacts.
Question 1: What is India's nuclear power generation target by 2047?
A) 50 GW
B) 100 GW
C) 150 GW
D) 200 GW
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: What percentage of India's current power capacity is derived from nuclear energy?
A) 1.0%
B) 1.8%
C) 2.5%
D) 3.0%
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: How many nuclear reactors are currently operational in India?
A) 20
B) 24
C) 30
D) 40
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: What is the expected capacity from SMRs in India by 2050 according to the IEA?
A) 5.0 GW
B) 6.5 GW
C) 7.2 GW
D) 8.0 GW
Correct Answer: C
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