India’s agricultural landscape is experiencing a significant transformation. According to a recent report from the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), the share of non-crop sectors such as livestock, fishing, aquaculture, and forestry in the Gross Value of Output (GVO) for agriculture and allied activities has steadily increased from 2011-12 to 2023-24. While the crop sector remains the largest contributor, its dominance is gradually declining, indicating a more diversified and resilient agricultural economy.
The Gross Value of Output (GVO) in agriculture and allied sectors refers to the total value of output produced before subtracting intermediate consumption. This includes output from crop production, livestock, fisheries, aquaculture, and forestry.
Between 2011-12 and 2023-24, the crop sector’s share in total agricultural GVO has seen a decline from 62.4% to 54.1% at constant prices. This downward trend reflects a diversification in the agricultural economy.
The livestock sector’s contribution to agricultural GVO has increased significantly, rising from 25.6% to 31.2% during the same period. The GVO from livestock products grew from ₹4.88 trillion in 2011-12 to ₹9.19 trillion in 2023-24, establishing it as one of the fastest-growing sectors.
Milk remains the dominant component of the livestock sector. However, its share in the livestock GVO has slightly declined from 67.2% to 65.9% between 2011-12 and 2023-24, while the share of meat has increased from 19.7% to 24.1%.
Fisheries and aquaculture have also made notable strides, with their share rising from 4.2% in 2011-12 to nearly 7% in 2023-24, indicating their growing economic significance.
Inland fish production’s share in total GVO has decreased from 57.7% to 50.2%, while marine fish production’s share has increased from 42.3% to 49.8% during the same period, highlighting a narrowing gap between these two sub-sectors.
In the crop sector, bananas have now overtaken mangoes as the leading fruit contributor to agricultural GVO in 2023-24, with bananas valued at ₹471 billion compared to mangoes at ₹461 billion. Previously, mangoes held the top position from 2011-12 to 2021-22.
The total agricultural GVO has risen from ₹19.08 trillion in 2011-12 to ₹29.49 trillion in 2023-24, marking an impressive growth of nearly 55%.
Even in 2023-24, the crop sector remains the largest contributor to GVO, accounting for ₹15.95 trillion and a share of 54.1%, despite a declining trend.
The increasing share of livestock, fisheries, and allied sectors signifies improved rural income opportunities, enhanced resilience to climate shocks, and a broader diversification of India’s agricultural base. This shift is crucial for ensuring food security, employment, and sustainable rural development.
Q1. What is Gross Value of Output (GVO) in agriculture?
Answer: GVO refers to the total output value in agriculture and allied sectors before deducting intermediate consumption, encompassing crops, livestock, fisheries, aquaculture, and forestry.
Q2. How has the share of the crop sector changed in recent years?
Answer: The crop sector's share in agricultural GVO has declined from 62.4% in 2011-12 to 54.1% in 2023-24, indicating diversification in agriculture.
Q3. Which livestock product remains dominant?
Answer: Milk continues to be the dominant product in the livestock sector, although its share has slightly decreased from 67.2% to 65.9% from 2011-12 to 2023-24.
Q4. What trend is observed in the fisheries sector?
Answer: The contribution of fisheries and aquaculture to GVO rose from 4.2% in 2011-12 to nearly 7% in 2023-24, highlighting their growing importance.
Q5. Why is the trend towards non-crop sectors significant?
Answer: This trend reflects improved rural income opportunities, better resilience to climate shocks, and a diversified agricultural base, essential for food security and sustainable development.
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