The recent decision by the Maldives Cabinet, led by President Mohamed Muizzu, to not renew a hydrographic survey agreement with India represents a noteworthy shift in their bilateral relations. This decision, along with Muizzu's commitment to withdraw Indian troops stationed in the Maldives, marks a departure from the previous administration's 'India first' policy, signaling potential challenges emerging in India-Maldives ties.
Hydrography involves the study of oceans and water bodies, playing a crucial role in ensuring the safety of navigation, promoting economic development, and protecting the environment. As a prominent member of the International Hydrographic Organization, India has extended its hydrographic expertise to various countries, including the Maldives.
The 2019 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and the Maldives, signed during Prime Minister Modi's visit, symbolized robust cooperation in maritime security and development. It facilitated joint hydrographic surveys by the Indian Navy and the Maldives National Defence Force, strengthening bilateral maritime ties.
National security concerns and a focus on sovereignty are cited by the current Maldivian administration as reasons for not renewing the agreement. This aligns with President Muizzu's election campaign promises, particularly the 'India Out' stance, emphasizing self-reliance in maritime surveillance.
The decision introduces diplomatic challenges for India as it navigates a new phase in its relationship with the Maldives, potentially altering regional security dynamics. It impacts collaborative maritime security initiatives under frameworks like the Colombo Security Conclave.
The Maldives' growing engagement with China, exemplified by its participation in the China-Indian Ocean Region Forum, adds complexity to the situation, influencing regional geopolitics.
The Indian Ministry of External Affairs underscores India's established expertise in hydrography and its cooperative efforts in the Indian Ocean region. Moving forward, India will need to adapt its diplomatic strategies to maintain influence and cooperation with the Maldives.
This development may affect broader regional security arrangements and India's strategic interests in the Indian Ocean. It underscores the dynamic nature of international diplomacy and the necessity of adapting to evolving geopolitical landscapes.
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