The Nuclear Command Authority (NCA) serves as the essential institutional framework for the command and control of India’s nuclear weapons. This body ensures centralized decision-making regarding the deployment and use of nuclear arms, thereby playing a crucial role in national security.
The NCA comprises two primary councils:
Operational support is provided by the Strategic Forces Command (SFC), which is vital for implementing the directives of the NCA.
Chaired by the Prime Minister, the Political Council holds exclusive authority to approve any nuclear strike. It acts as the apex decision-making body ensuring that all major decisions are politically sanctioned.
The Executive Council is led by the National Security Advisor (NSA). It provides both technical and strategic advice to the Political Council while executing its orders, thus facilitating informed decision-making.
The SFC is charged with the operational management of the nation's nuclear arsenal. This includes ensuring the readiness, safety, and security of nuclear weapons and their delivery systems.
This structured approach reinforces strict civilian control over the use of nuclear weapons, adhering to India’s doctrine of “No First Use.” Every decision regarding nuclear deployment requires political authorization, reflecting a deliberate and cautious strategy.
India’s NCA model stands out among other nuclear powers due to its emphasis on civilian supremacy and a two-tiered decision-making framework. This structure is designed to prevent accidental or unauthorized use of nuclear arms.
Importantly, the NCA's responsibilities extend beyond wartime scenarios. It also encompasses peacetime management, which includes command protocols, coordination of delivery systems, and overall nuclear policy planning.
The SFC is headquartered in New Delhi and operates under the Integrated Defence Staff, ensuring a strategic oversight of nuclear operations.
To guarantee the security of India’s nuclear assets, rigorous protocols are in place. Involvement from the SFC, along with advanced physical protection systems and electronic safeguards, ensures the integrity and safety of the nuclear arsenal.
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