The Assam Accord: Key Issues and the Significance of Clause 6

What Is the Assam Accord?

The Assam Accord is a significant agreement that was signed in 1985 between the Government of India and the leaders of the Assam Movement, particularly the All Assam Students’ Union (AASU). This accord marked the conclusion of a six-year-long agitation in Assam aimed at addressing the illegal influx of migrants into the state. The primary objective of the Assam Accord was to establish measures that would safeguard the cultural, social, and economic rights of the indigenous Assamese people. This included provisions for the identification and deportation of illegal migrants.

What Is Clause 6 of the Assam Accord?

Clause 6 of the Assam Accord is a vital provision that guarantees constitutional, legislative, and administrative safeguards for the protection of the cultural, social, and linguistic identity of the Assamese people. Its primary aim is to preserve Assam's unique heritage by ensuring that adequate measures are in place for the protection and preservation of its indigenous population.

Major Recommendations of the Biplab Sarma Committee

The Biplab Sarma Committee was tasked with implementing Clause 6 and proposed 52 key recommendations to safeguard the Assamese identity. Some of the significant recommendations include:

• Defining ‘Assamese People’: A clear definition that includes indigenous communities of Assam, Indian citizens who were residing in Assam before January 1, 1951, along with their descendants.
• Land Rights: Measures to prevent land transfers to non-Assamese individuals, ensuring that land rights are preserved for the indigenous population.
• Language Protection: Legal enforcement of the Assamese language in state governance and education, alongside the protection of regional languages in specific areas.
• Autonomous Councils: The establishment of new autonomous councils and the enhancement of powers for existing councils in regions predominantly inhabited by indigenous communities.
• Reservation in Jobs and Seats: The implementation of 100% reservation for Assamese individuals in state government jobs and legislative seats, along with increased representation in local bodies and educational institutions.
• Cultural Heritage: Initiatives aimed at protecting cultural symbols, heritage sites, and unique practices that define the Assamese people.

“Safeguarding our identity is not just about laws; it’s about preserving the soul of our heritage for future generations.”