For the first time, the World Health Organization (WHO) has included sunscreen in its Model List of Essential Medicines. This is particularly significant for people living with albinism, a rare genetic condition caused by mutations that reduce melanin production, making individuals highly vulnerable to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The inclusion recognizes sunscreen not merely as a cosmetic product but as a life-saving medical intervention.
WHO recommends that therapeutic broad-spectrum sunscreens contain proven active ingredients capable of absorbing or filtering UVA and UVB radiation. This decision sets a global benchmark, urging governments to ensure availability, affordability, and access.
Dr. Satendra Singh, Founder of Doctors with Disabilities, called this move a historic step that validates long-standing advocacy. He emphasized that beyond listing sunscreen, the real test lies in implementation, such as:
1. What is albinism?
Albinism is a rare genetic condition caused by mutations that affect melanin production, impacting skin, hair, and eye pigmentation.
2. Why are people with albinism at greater risk?
Lack of melanin makes them highly vulnerable to UV radiation, leading to severe sunburns, skin damage, and skin cancers.
3. Why did WHO include sunscreen in the essential medicines list?
To recognize sunscreen as a vital medical intervention, not just a cosmetic product, ensuring protection against UV damage.
4. How many people in India live with albinism?
Around 2 lakh people, including some health professionals.
5. What steps are suggested for India after this recognition?
Providing free sunscreen, ending stigma through awareness campaigns, and ensuring accessible health support systems.
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