The Fourth India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS) is set to take place later this year in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This significant event marks a renewed phase in diplomatic relations between India and the African Union after a nine-year hiatus. The last summit occurred in New Delhi in 2015, and this upcoming event aims to build on the achievements of previous gatherings while addressing the ever-evolving geopolitical and economic landscape.
The forthcoming summit underscores India's dedication to enhancing its ties with Africa, a continent known for its abundant resources and increasing global influence. By fostering stronger relationships, the summit serves as a platform for collaboration and mutual growth.
In 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid out ten guiding principles to steer India's engagement with Africa. These principles include:
Trade between India and Africa has seen substantial growth, reaching $100 billion during the 2022-23 financial year and $75 billion in the 2023-24 financial year up to February. This accounts for nearly 10% of India’s total trade in goods. In addition, India has invested significantly in Africa, with the Export-Import Bank of India providing $11.2 billion in lines of credit for 197 projects across the continent as of February 2024.
India is expanding its defence diplomacy in Africa by appointing new defence attachés in Ethiopia, Mozambique, Ivory Coast, and Djibouti. Indian companies, such as Ashok Leyland, have supplied significant numbers of vehicles and defence equipment to several African countries. Furthermore, India has collaborated on trilateral development projects with partners like the US, Germany, and France to fund development initiatives in Africa.
Since 2017, India has increased its diplomatic presence in Africa, opening 17 new missions. High-level visits by Indian officials, including the President, Vice President, and External Affairs Minister, have further strengthened diplomatic efforts. India's historical ties with Africa, originating from the Non-Aligned Movement and support for decolonization, continue to shape its engagement with the continent today.
While India has intensified its engagement, China had a head start in Africa, lending $326 billion through loans and grants between 2000 and 2021. The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) has been held every three years since 2000. Despite this, India focuses on no-strings-attached development support, emphasizing mutual benefits and long-term partnerships.
India's engagement with Africa, guided by Modi’s ten principles, aims to deepen diplomatic, economic, and defence ties. The upcoming India-Africa Forum Summit is a significant step toward reinforcing India’s commitment to a strong and mutually beneficial partnership with Africa.
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