The ancient water harvesting structures known as khadeens found in the Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan are a testament to traditional wisdom in conserving rainwater in arid regions. These structures have played a significant role in supporting agriculture by capturing and storing rainwater, enabling the cultivation of crops such as wheat, gram, and mustard in areas with minimal rainfall.
Over the years, the adoption of canal irrigation led to a decline in the use of khadeens. This shift resulted in the loss of both these valuable structures and the knowledge required to maintain them. However, there is now a renewed effort to revive these systems, recognizing their importance in conserving biodiversity, preventing farmer migration, and maintaining organic farming practices.
The construction of khadeens involves creating embankments to capture monsoon rains, allowing water to percolate and create muddy fields suitable for planting. This method not only provides water for crops but also supports a diverse range of biodiversity, including migratory birds and local flora.
Despite their importance, khadeens face several threats from modern infrastructure development and mining activities, which disrupt their catchment areas. Government support for their revival has been limited, with no specific schemes directed towards their restoration since 2005. Yet, the local communities, understanding the value of khadeens, have taken the initiative to restore these structures.
Led by individuals dedicated to preserving this ancient wisdom, local efforts ensure that khadeens remain a vital part of the landscape. These initiatives support both the people and the environment of Jaisalmer, ensuring that these traditional water conservation techniques continue to benefit future generations.
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