Protected Area Regime (PAR): Implications for Foreign Nationals

Understanding the Protected Area Regime (PAR)

The Protected Area Regime (PAR) is a crucial framework established under the Foreigners (Protected Areas) Order of 1958. This regime necessitates that foreign nationals acquire special permits to access specific areas near India's borders, primarily due to prevailing security concerns.

Reasons for Re-imposition in Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland

The re-imposition of PAR in states like Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland stems from notable security issues. These include unregulated cross-border movement from Myanmar and ongoing ethnic tensions that pose risks to stability.

Key Restrictions Under PAR

Foreign nationals must seek prior approval from the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) to enter protected areas. Although exceptions may be made for specific activities such as tourism, these are subjected to rigorous scrutiny. Additionally, citizens from certain countries, including Afghanistan, China, and Pakistan, face more stringent entry requirements.

Background on Previous Relaxations

In 2011, the UPA government took steps to relax PAR in these northeastern states, aiming to enhance tourism. This relaxation temporarily excluded Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland from the protected areas list for one year, with further extensions until recently.

Factors Leading to Recent Restrictions

The recent lifting of relaxation measures in 2023 was influenced by alarming reports of illegal immigration and security threats associated with cross-border activities from Myanmar. The government of Manipur highlighted these concerns as pivotal in reinstating the stringent regulations.

Impact on Tourism

The re-introduction of PAR may significantly hinder the influx of foreign tourists. Events such as Nagaland’s Hornbill Festival, which attracts numerous international visitors, could experience challenges due to the new permit requirements.

Exceptions for Tourists

While the restrictions are strict, foreign tourists can still visit designated areas within protected regions by obtaining a special permit from the MHA. This process requires providing a valid justification for the visit and is contingent upon government approval.

“Security and progress go hand in hand; ensuring one strengthens the foundation of the other.”

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1. What is the Protected Area Regime (PAR)?
Answer: The Protected Area Regime (PAR) is a framework mandating special permits for foreign nationals to visit specific border areas in India due to security reasons.

Q2. Why has PAR been re-imposed in Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland?
Answer: PAR was re-imposed in these states due to security concerns from unregulated cross-border movement from Myanmar and ongoing ethnic tensions.

Q3. What are the key restrictions under PAR?
Answer: Foreign nationals need prior approval from the Ministry of Home Affairs to enter protected areas, with stricter rules for nationals from certain countries.

Q4. How was PAR previously relaxed in these states?
Answer: In 2011, the UPA government relaxed the PAR to promote tourism, temporarily excluding these states from protected status for a year with extensions.

Q5. How does this decision impact tourism?
Answer: The re-imposition of PAR may limit foreign tourist inflow, affecting events like Nagaland’s Hornbill Festival due to new permit requirements.

UPSC Practice MCQs

Question 1: What is the main purpose of the Protected Area Regime (PAR)?
A) To promote tourism
B) To secure border areas
C) To allow free movement
D) To restrict local employment
Correct Answer: B

Question 2: Which body grants approvals for foreign nationals to enter protected areas under PAR?
A) Ministry of External Affairs
B) Ministry of Home Affairs
C) State Government
D) Local Authorities
Correct Answer: B

Question 3: Why was the PAR relaxed in 2011?
A) To strengthen security
B) To boost tourism
C) To decrease immigration
D) To improve local economy
Correct Answer: B

Question 4: What has influenced the recent restrictions on PAR?
A) Increased tourism
B) Illegal immigration and security threats
C) Economic development
D) Political stability
Correct Answer: B

Question 5: Which regions are primarily affected by the PAR restrictions?
A) Northern states
B) Southern states
C) Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland
D) Western states
Correct Answer: C

Question 6: Are there exceptions for tourists under the PAR regulations?
A) Yes, with special permits
B) No, no exceptions
C) Only for local residents
D) Only for business purposes
Correct Answer: A