In a significant advancement for meteorological science, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has developed a method to predict lightning strikes up to 2.5 hours in advance. This innovation is poised to save lives and minimize damage during thunderstorms.
The project was spearheaded by ISRO’s National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), showcasing their expertise in remote sensing and data analysis.
Lightning is a sudden, bright flash in the sky during storms, resulting from the interaction of heat, moisture, and wind within the troposphere. This natural phenomenon can be both awe-inspiring and destructive.
ISRO employs satellite data, particularly from INSAT-3D, to monitor Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR). A decrease in OLR is a precursor to potential lightning activity. This satellite technology allows for early detection and warning.
OLR is essentially the heat emitted by the Earth into space. A reduction in OLR indicates atmospheric conditions ripe for lightning formation, thus serving as a critical warning signal.
Besides OLR, ISRO also examines Land Surface Temperature (LST) and wind patterns. These elements contribute to enhancing the accuracy of lightning predictions.
A composite variable integrates data such as OLR, temperature, and wind to present a comprehensive view of weather conditions. ISRO's new composite variable provides early warnings, offering a lead time of up to 2.5 hours before potential lightning strikes.
These early warnings are invaluable for farmers, outdoor workers, and the general public, allowing them to take precautionary measures. Additionally, local authorities can better prepare and respond to impending weather threats, significantly enhancing public safety and reducing potential damages.
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