The Ongole breed is an indigenous cattle breed originating from Andhra Pradesh, India. Renowned for its strength and muscular build, this breed is well adapted to high temperatures, making it suitable for various farming practices. Ongole cattle are primarily utilized for dairy production and breeding purposes.
This breed is highly esteemed for its superior genetics and adaptability to extreme climates. Countries like Brazil have recognized its potential, establishing structured breeding programs aimed at enhancing the genetic quality and market value of Ongole cattle.
Viatina-19, an exceptional cow from the Ongole breed, made headlines by being sold for an astounding $4.82 million (approximately ₹41 crore) at an auction in Brazil. This sale set a record, marking Viatina-19 as the most expensive cow in the world.
Brazil has heavily invested in genetic improvement and breeding programs for Ongole cattle. These initiatives have significantly enhanced the quality of the breed, leading to increased market demand and high auction prices, showcasing the breed's financial potential.
Despite its strengths, the Ongole breed faces challenges in India, including a lack of structured breeding programs and government support. Many Indian farmers tend to favor crossbred cows for their higher milk yield, which has contributed to the breed's declining popularity.
To restore the Ongole breed’s prominence, India can implement various strategies, such as genetic enhancement programs, conservation efforts, and increased government support. These initiatives could help reclaim the breed's status in the global market.
Ongole cattle are characterized by their robust build, prominent hump, high disease resistance, and ability to endure extreme temperatures. These traits make them particularly ideal for both breeding and dairy production.
The high valuation of the Ongole breed abroad underscores India’s untapped potential in livestock. By effectively promoting and managing Ongole cattle, India has the opportunity to enhance its livestock economy and heritage.
Q1. What are the main uses of the Ongole breed?
Answer: The Ongole breed is primarily used for dairy production and breeding, valued for its strength and adaptability to harsh climates.
Q2. Why is Viatina-19 significant in cattle auctions?
Answer: Viatina-19 is notable for being sold at a record price of $4.82 million, highlighting the breed’s global market value and genetic quality.
Q3. What are the advantages of breeding Ongole cattle in Brazil?
Answer: Brazil has successfully enhanced the quality of Ongole cattle through structured breeding programs, leading to increased demand and higher auction prices.
Q4. What challenges does the Ongole breed face in India?
Answer: The breed struggles with a lack of structured breeding programs and government support, as well as competition from crossbred cows favored for milk yield.
Q5. How can the Ongole breed's recognition be improved in India?
Answer: India can improve recognition through conservation efforts, genetic enhancement programs, and increased awareness of the breed's potential benefits.
Question 1: What is a key characteristic of the Ongole breed?
A) High milk yield
B) Muscular build
C) Small size
D) Low disease resistance
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Where is the Ongole breed primarily located?
A) Gujarat
B) Andhra Pradesh
C) Maharashtra
D) Karnataka
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: What record did Viatina-19 achieve?
A) Largest cow
B) Most expensive cow
C) Oldest breed
D) Fastest growing breed
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: Why do Brazilian farmers invest in Ongole cattle?
A) For decorative purposes
B) Genetic improvement and market demand
C) To reduce livestock
D) For wool production
Correct Answer: B
Question 5: What is a challenge faced by the Ongole breed in India?
A) Excessive government support
B) Preference for crossbred cows
C) Overpopulation
D) Lack of climate adaptation
Correct Answer: B
Question 6: How can India restore the recognition of the Ongole breed?
A) By ignoring the breed
B) Through conservation and enhancement programs
C) By reducing livestock numbers
D) By promoting only crossbreeds
Correct Answer: B
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