India's developmental approach has historically focused on lifting its population out of poverty, as defined by the Tendulkar poverty line. However, the evolving global landscape and India’s advancements necessitate a shift towards addressing multidimensional poverty and deprivation comprehensively. This analysis explores the importance of this transition and examines key measures such as NITI Aayog's Multidimensional Poverty Index and various welfare initiatives.
As India experiences robust economic growth, the focus must extend beyond merely eradicating extreme poverty. This shift involves empowering individuals by ensuring access to nutrition, housing, healthcare, and education. Such measures align with India's vision of creating a more equitable international order.
The NITI Aayog's MPI serves as a critical instrument in evaluating multidimensional poverty, moving beyond income-based criteria. It includes various aspects such as health, education, and living standards, offering a comprehensive perspective on poverty.
Global consultancy McKinsey advocates for a transition from the $2.15-per-day extreme poverty line to a $12-per-day empowerment line. Achieving this goal requires significant investments in human development, infrastructure, and overall well-being.
To facilitate this global transition, it is estimated that economies must allocate $37 trillion by 2030. Sustainable and environmentally friendly economic growth is essential to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change, ensuring long-term well-being.
While strides have been made in reducing multidimensional poverty, a substantial portion of the global population continues to experience deprivation. Bridging this gap demands policy changes and targeted investments.
With its large population and unique challenges, India plays a vital role in the global effort against poverty. By leveraging its high economic growth rate, India must find a balance between development and environmental sustainability while fostering an inclusive and empowered society.
India's journey encompasses extensive welfare measures and investments in human development. Programs like the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) and the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) address various dimensions of poverty, including housing and employment.
India's transition from poverty alleviation to holistic development resonates with global trends. By embracing measures such as NITI Aayog's MPI and robust welfare initiatives, the country can prioritize economic growth, human development, and environmental sustainability. Effective leadership, public awareness, and targeted investments in healthcare, education, and skill development will be crucial for realizing this transformative vision.
Q1. What is the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)?
Answer: The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a tool developed by NITI Aayog to assess poverty beyond income, considering factors like health, education, and living standards.
Q2. How does India plan to address multidimensional poverty?
Answer: India aims to tackle multidimensional poverty through initiatives like the NITI Aayog's MPI, welfare schemes, and investments in human development to empower individuals across various sectors.
Q3. What are some welfare initiatives in India?
Answer: Key welfare initiatives in India include the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) and the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), which address employment and housing needs.
Q4. Why is sustainable growth important for India?
Answer: Sustainable growth is crucial for India to mitigate climate change impacts, ensuring long-term well-being and balanced development alongside economic progress.
Q5. How can empowerment help reduce poverty?
Answer: Empowerment helps reduce poverty by providing individuals with access to essential resources such as education, healthcare, and economic opportunities, enabling them to improve their living conditions.
Question 1: What is the primary focus of NITI Aayog's Multidimensional Poverty Index?
A) Income-based poverty
B) Health and education standards
C) Basic needs only
D) Employment rates
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Which welfare initiative aims to guarantee employment in rural areas?
A) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
B) National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
C) Skill India Mission
D) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: What is the target allocation for global economies by 2030 to combat poverty?
A) $10 trillion
B) $20 trillion
C) $30 trillion
D) $37 trillion
Correct Answer: D
Question 4: Which organization proposed the $12-per-day empowerment line?
A) World Bank
B) UNDP
C) McKinsey
D) NITI Aayog
Correct Answer: C
Question 5: Why is bridging the gap in poverty important?
A) To ensure national security
B) To promote economic growth
C) To eliminate deprivation globally
D) To enhance cultural diversity
Correct Answer: C
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