Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands as a transformative technology that empowers machines to mimic human intelligence and decision-making. This realm has witnessed notable progression, especially with generative AI models like ChatGPT, which signify a pivotal advancement. These models enable the synthesis of human language, images, videos, and more, finding applications across diverse sectors. In India, AI is set to be a driving force in the digital economy, enhancing governance and contributing significantly to GDP growth. According to the India AI Expert Group Report 2023, AI has the potential to contribute up to USD 500 billion to India's GDP by 2025, forming a vital element in reaching the nation’s USD 5 trillion GDP target.
India's exploration into AI commenced with the release of the National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence by Niti Aayog in 2018. This strategy, under the banner of "AI for All," pinpointed critical sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, education, smart cities, and smart mobility. The early investments in this domain have culminated in the launch of the IndiaAI Mission in 2024, backed by a budget of ₹10,372 crore spread over five years. India stands alongside leading nations like the U.S. and the U.K. in AI adoption, with international collaborations and investments enriching its AI ecosystem.
The IndiaAI Mission is meticulously structured around seven pillars, aiming at democratizing AI access, enhancing computational capacities, developing indigenous AI models, and spurring innovation. These pillars include:
Despite a comprehensive vision, challenges persist. For example, the mission’s target of 10,000 GPUs falls short when compared to global private entities like Meta. Additionally, developing indigenous AI models for specific sectors, such as healthcare, encounters limitations, particularly in neonatal care. Geopolitical issues, like export control regulations, also threaten India’s access to critical AI resources. There is an urgent need to bolster India's local capabilities in both hardware and software to achieve genuine self-reliance.
India's AI aspirations are underscored by the success of initiatives such as the Global IndiaAI Summit. With consistent regulatory frameworks, public-private partnerships, and investments in education, India is poised to harness AI’s transformative potential. Combining AI with widespread smartphone usage and 5G connectivity can bridge the digital divide, making technology accessible even in remote areas. Overcoming challenges like language barriers and data availability will be crucial. With a young and dynamic workforce, India is well-positioned to emerge as a global AI leader, driving socio-economic progress and establishing standards for inclusive AI growth.
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