Hokersar, often referred to as the "queen of wetlands," stands as one of the largest and most ecologically significant wetlands in Kashmir. This remarkable ecosystem supports nearly half a million migratory birds each year, providing an ideal habitat from October to April.
The title "avian airport" emphasizes Hokersar's crucial role as a major stopover for migratory birds traveling from regions like Siberia, China, Russia, and Europe. With its vast marshy landscape, Hokersar allows birds to rest and refuel before continuing their long journeys.
Hokersar is currently facing significant threats, including excessive siltation, pollution, encroachment, and flood control measures. Over the years, these factors have drastically reduced the wetland's area, leading to a loss of biodiversity and habitat.
Human activities have severely impacted Hokersar's ecosystem. Following the 2014 floods, flood mitigation projects filled parts of the wetland with soil, negatively affecting its water-holding capacity. Additionally, urban encroachment and untreated waste have polluted the wetland, further disrupting its delicate balance.
Hokersar is home to a diverse range of bird species, including mallards, bar-headed geese, ruddy shelducks, and rare species like the sharp-tailed sandpiper. This rich avian diversity attracts bird watchers and researchers, establishing Hokersar as a key site for citizen science and eco-tourism.
In response to the challenges facing Hokersar, environmental groups and community members are advocating for stronger protection measures. Organizations like the Environmental Policy Group (EPG) and various NGOs have raised awareness about illegal activities in the wetland and have filed cases for better management and restoration efforts.
To restore Hokersar, several plans have been proposed, including dredging to remove silt, implementing effective water management systems, and developing eco-tourism initiatives. These efforts aim to revive the wetland's ecosystem, ensuring it can sustain its biodiversity and continue to serve as a migratory bird habitat.
Birdwatching has emerged as a vital source of income and engagement for the local youth. By promoting eco-tourism, young birdwatchers and conservationists are contributing to the preservation of Hokersar's ecosystem while raising awareness about the importance of protecting this unique habitat.
Q1. What are the main threats to Hokersar Wetland?
Answer: Hokersar Wetland faces threats from siltation, pollution, urban encroachment, and ineffective flood control measures, leading to reduced biodiversity.
Q2. Why is Hokersar important for migratory birds?
Answer: Hokersar acts as a critical stopover for migratory birds, providing essential resting and refueling opportunities during their long journeys.
Q3. How are local communities involved in conservation efforts?
Answer: Local communities, along with NGOs, are advocating for stricter protection measures and raising awareness about the ecological significance of Hokersar.
Q4. What bird species can be found in Hokersar?
Answer: Hokersar hosts various species, including mallards, bar-headed geese, and rare sharp-tailed sandpipers, making it a prime location for birdwatching.
Q5. What are the proposed solutions for restoring Hokersar?
Answer: Proposed solutions include dredging to remove silt, better water management practices, and promoting eco-tourism initiatives to support habitat restoration.
Question 1: What is Hokersar Wetland famously known as?
A) Biodiversity hotspot
B) Avian airport
C) Ecological sanctuary
D) Migratory hub
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Which organization has raised concerns about illegal activities in Hokersar?
A) Environmental Protection Agency
B) Environmental Policy Group
C) Wildlife Conservation Society
D) Nature Conservancy
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: What is the primary purpose of Hokersar Wetland for migratory birds?
A) Nesting
B) Feeding
C) Resting and refueling
D) Breeding
Correct Answer: C
Question 4: What has contributed to the decline of Hokersar's water-holding capacity?
A) Climate change
B) Flood mitigation projects
C) Deforestation
D) Urban development
Correct Answer: B
Question 5: Which bird species is NOT commonly found in Hokersar?
A) Mallard
B) Bar-headed goose
C) Bald eagle
D) Ruddy shelduck
Correct Answer: C
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