Bottom trawling is a controversial fishing technique that involves dragging heavy nets across the ocean floor. This method can cause severe damage to marine ecosystems and habitats, leading to a decline in biodiversity. The disruption of seabed habitats affects various marine species and the overall health of the ocean.
The fisheries dispute between Indian and Sri Lankan fishermen primarily stems from Indian fishers crossing the maritime boundary into Sri Lankan waters. This intrusion often results in conflicts, leading to the arrest of Indian fishermen by the Sri Lankan Navy.
A significant incident that has intensified the ongoing dispute is the death of a Sri Lankan Navy sailor during an operation aimed at deterring Indian poaching trawlers. This tragic event, alongside the arrest of ten Indian fishermen, has heightened tensions between the two nations.
In response to these developments, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin has sought the intervention of External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar to facilitate the release of the detained fishermen and their vessel. Ongoing efforts are being made to ensure the prompt release of those arrested.
To effectively address the fisheries dispute, reviving the negotiation process is essential. Convening a meeting of the Joint Working Group, which has not met in over two years, would be a crucial step towards finding a resolution.
Replacing bottom trawlers is necessary to protect marine ecosystems while ensuring the livelihoods of local fishermen are not adversely affected. A strategic transition to more sustainable fishing methods could alleviate pressure on marine resources.
Fisherfolk can explore several alternative fishing methods, such as deep sea fishing, marine cage farming, seaweed cultivation and processing, and sea ranching. These alternatives can provide sustainable options while reducing reliance on harmful practices like bottom trawling.
Despite the potential benefits, deep sea fishing projects have faced numerous challenges. For instance, only 61 vessels have been distributed to beneficiaries in nearly seven years. The high unit cost of approximately ₹80 lakh per vessel under the Central-State project has significantly impacted its success.
Both the Indian and Sri Lankan governments can play a vital role in supporting fisherfolk by devising additional schemes tailored for Northern Province fishermen. Ensuring that representatives from the fishing communities and officials from Tamil Nadu and Northern Province can meet to discuss resolutions is crucial for long-term sustainability.
Q1. What are the environmental impacts of bottom trawling?
Answer: Bottom trawling severely damages marine ecosystems by destroying habitats and reducing biodiversity, which can lead to long-term ecological consequences.
Q2. Why do Indian fishermen enter Sri Lankan waters?
Answer: Indian fishermen often cross into Sri Lankan waters in search of better fishing grounds, but this leads to disputes and legal conflicts with the Sri Lankan authorities.
Q3. What measures can be taken to ensure sustainable fishing?
Answer: Adopting alternative fishing methods, establishing marine protected areas, and implementing strict regulations can help ensure sustainable fishing practices.
Q4. How can community representatives help in resolving disputes?
Answer: Community representatives can facilitate dialogue between fishermen and government officials, helping to find mutually beneficial solutions to conflicts.
Q5. What is the role of government in supporting fishermen?
Answer: Governments can provide financial assistance, training in sustainable practices, and create policies that protect the interests of local fishermen while maintaining marine health.
Question 1: What is bottom trawling known for?
A) Sustainable fishing method
B) Destruction of marine habitats
C) Increasing fish populations
D) Community fishing practices
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Who sought intervention for the release of arrested fishermen?
A) Sri Lankan President
B) Tamil Nadu Chief Minister
C) Fisheries Minister
D) External Affairs Minister
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: What alternative fishing method involves farming fish in cages?
A) Deep sea fishing
B) Marine cage farming
C) Sea ranching
D) Seaweed cultivation
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: What has been a challenge for deep sea fishing projects?
A) High demand for fish
B) Low cost of vessels
C) Limited distribution of vessels
D) Successful funding
Correct Answer: C
Question 5: How can the Indian and Sri Lankan governments assist fishermen?
A) By imposing strict fines
B) By devising supportive schemes
C) By limiting fishing areas
D) By increasing taxes
Correct Answer: B
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