A Martian crater, estimated to be 3.5 billion years old, has been officially named after the pioneering Indian geologist M.S. Krishnan. This decision came after the International Astronomical Union’s (IAU) approval of several names proposed by Kerala for various Martian landforms.
The IAU was established in 1919 as a prominent body governing international professional astronomical activities. Its mission encompasses the promotion and safeguarding of astronomy in all its forms, including research, communication, education, and development through global cooperation.
The IAU is the sole organization recognized for the naming of astronomical bodies, a process conducted based on merit, historical significance, or the privilege of the discoverer. The organization holds a general assembly every three years at different global locations, where long-term policies are defined.
Headquartered in Paris, France, the IAU plays a crucial role in organizing scientific meetings. Each year, the IAU sponsors nine international symposia. Membership is composed of individual professionals structured into Divisions, Commissions, and Working Groups, consisting of astronomers worldwide who are engaged in professional research, education, and outreach.
The IAU also includes Junior Members and currently has a total membership of 12,742 individuals. These members are identified as "active" in the IAU database, meaning they possess a valid email and are affiliated with at least one Division, allowing them to participate in IAU activities. Notably, the IAU’s membership spans 92 countries, with 85 of those recognized as National Members.
Q1. What is the significance of the Martian crater named after M.S. Krishnan?
Answer: The naming of the Martian crater after M.S. Krishnan recognizes his contributions to geology and astronomy, enhancing India's representation in space exploration.
Q2. What is the role of the IAU in astronomy?
Answer: The IAU oversees international astronomical activities, promotes research and education in astronomy, and is responsible for naming celestial bodies based on established criteria.
Q3. How often does the IAU hold its general assembly?
Answer: The IAU holds its general assembly every three years in various locations around the world to discuss policies and advancements in astronomy.
Q4. Who can become a member of the IAU?
Answer: Membership in the IAU is open to professional astronomers who hold a Ph.D. and are engaged in research, education, or outreach in the field of astronomy.
Q5. How does the IAU support educational activities in astronomy?
Answer: The IAU promotes educational initiatives and outreach programs to enhance public understanding of astronomy and to inspire future generations of scientists.
Question 1: What year was the International Astronomical Union (IAU) founded?
A) 1900
B) 1919
C) 1925
D) 1930
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Which significant landform was named after M.S. Krishnan?
A) Lunar crater
B) Martian crater
C) Asteroid
D) Comet
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: Where is the headquarters of the IAU located?
A) London, UK
B) Paris, France
C) New Delhi, India
D) Washington, USA
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: How many countries are represented in the IAU membership?
A) 85
B) 92
C) 127
D) 100
Correct Answer: B
Question 5: What is a primary focus of IAU activities?
A) Political discussions
B) Naming astronomical bodies
C) Economic policies
D) Environmental studies
Correct Answer: B
Question 6: How many international symposia does the IAU sponsor each year?
A) 5
B) 7
C) 9
D) 10
Correct Answer: C
Question 7: What is the IAU's approach to naming celestial bodies?
A) Random selection
B) Based on merit and history
C) Public voting
D) Government decision
Correct Answer: B
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