The hangul, known scientifically as Cervus hanglu, is a critically endangered subspecies of red deer endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Primarily found in Dachigam National Park, this species is a symbol of wildlife conservation in India.
Despite various protection efforts, the hangul population continues to struggle. Key factors contributing to its decline include habitat fragmentation, poaching, livestock grazing, ecological threats, predation, disturbed landscapes, and low genetic variability. These challenges make recovery efforts particularly difficult.
The hangul is genetically unique and represents the last surviving subspecies of red deer in India. It plays a crucial ecological role as a grazer, significantly influencing the vegetation structure and serving as a vital food source for predators within its ecosystem.
To aid in the conservation of the hangul, several actions are recommended. These include:
Population viability analyses indicate that the hangul is on the brink of extinction. Immediate conservation interventions are essential to prevent this outcome and ensure the survival of the species.
Dachigam National Park is unique as it hosts the only viable population of the hangul. The protected habitat provided by the park is critical for the species' survival and offers a sanctuary against the various threats it faces.
Conservation efforts for the hangul face several challenges, including:
Reintroduction of the hangul to areas within its historical range, such as the Shikargah Conservation Reserve, is a proposed strategy. This plan aims to establish a second viable population, supported by a breeding center and a corridor connecting to Dachigam National Park.
Q1. What is the hangul?
Answer: The hangul, or Kashmir stag, is a critically endangered subspecies of red deer found mainly in Dachigam National Park, India.
Q2. Why is the hangul endangered?
Answer: The hangul is endangered due to habitat fragmentation, poaching, and ecological threats. These factors hinder population growth and recovery efforts.
Q3. What conservation efforts are in place for the hangul?
Answer: Conservation efforts include monitoring calf survival, reducing livestock grazing, and reintroducing the species to its historical habitats to enhance population viability.
Q4. How does the hangul contribute to its ecosystem?
Answer: The hangul serves as a crucial grazer, helping to shape vegetation and providing an essential food source for predators in its habitat.
Q5. Is reintroduction of the hangul feasible?
Answer: Yes, reintroduction to areas like the Shikargah Conservation Reserve is proposed to establish a second viable population, supported by breeding programs.
Question 1: What is the scientific name of the hangul?
A) Cervus elaphus
B) Cervus hanglu
C) Rangifer tarandus
D) Alces alces
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: In which national park is the hangul primarily found?
A) Jim Corbett National Park
B) Dachigam National Park
C) Kaziranga National Park
D) Bandipur National Park
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: What is a critical factor affecting the hangul's population growth?
A) Overpopulation
B) Habitat fragmentation
C) Increased rainfall
D) Wildlife tourism
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: What ecological role does the hangul play?
A) Pollinator
B) Predator
C) Grazer
D) Scavenger
Correct Answer: C
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