Recently, the World Health Organization has released global guidelines regarding the use of GLP-1 drugs, which have gained popularity for weight loss. These advancements highlight the ongoing evolution in the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
The Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) or GLP-1 receptor agonists are synthetic medications designed primarily for obesity treatment in adults. While these drugs are mainly available as injectables, oral formulations are currently under development.
Examples of leading GLP-1 drugs include Semaglutide and Tirzepatide, both of which have been introduced in India. They are significantly transforming approaches to obesity and diabetes management.
GLP-1 drugs operate through several mechanisms:
GLP-1 acts as both an incretin hormone and a neurotransmitter. This naturally occurring gut hormone is released following food intake, primarily from the small intestine and hindbrain. After a meal, GLP-1 travels to the pancreas, playing a crucial role in blood sugar regulation by enhancing insulin production while diminishing glucagon secretion.
Although GLP-1 exerts its effects for a short duration, typically around 30 minutes, its influence is immediate and significant. Additionally, GLP-1 has beneficial impacts on various organs, including the kidneys, liver, and cardiovascular system, further emphasizing its importance in metabolic health.
Q1. What are GLP-1 drugs used for?
Answer: GLP-1 drugs are primarily used for treating obesity and managing diabetes. They help regulate blood sugar levels and promote weight loss through various mechanisms, including appetite suppression and insulin enhancement.
Q2. How do GLP-1 drugs help with weight loss?
Answer: These drugs assist in weight loss by suppressing appetite, slowing gastric emptying, and increasing insulin secretion when glucose levels are high. This combination helps individuals feel fuller and reduces overall food intake.
Q3. Are there any side effects of GLP-1 drugs?
Answer: Common side effects of GLP-1 drugs may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and potential pancreatitis. It's essential to consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice on potential risks.
Q4. Can GLP-1 drugs be taken orally?
Answer: Currently, most GLP-1 drugs are injectables; however, oral formulations are under development, aiming to provide more accessible treatment options for patients.
Q5. How do GLP-1 drugs affect insulin levels?
Answer: GLP-1 drugs stimulate the pancreas to increase insulin secretion when glucose levels are elevated, which helps lower blood sugar levels effectively.
Question 1: What is the primary function of GLP-1 drugs?
A) Increase muscle mass
B) Treat obesity and manage diabetes
C) Improve digestion
D) Enhance mood
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Which of the following is a GLP-1 drug?
A) Metformin
B) Semaglutide
C) Aspirin
D) Atorvastatin
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: How do GLP-1 drugs suppress appetite?
A) By increasing stomach acid
B) By slowing gastric emptying
C) By enhancing taste buds
D) By stimulating hunger hormones
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: What organ secretes GLP-1?
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Small intestine
D) Brain
Correct Answer: C
Question 5: Which GLP-1 drug is produced by Eli Lilly?
A) Liraglutide
B) Semaglutide
C) Tirzepatide
D) Dulaglutide
Correct Answer: C
Question 6: GLP-1 drugs help regulate blood sugar by increasing which hormone?
A) Glucagon
B) Insulin
C) Cortisol
D) Adrenaline
Correct Answer: B
Question 7: What is a common side effect of GLP-1 drugs?
A) Weight gain
B) Nausea
C) Increased appetite
D) High blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
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