The Galaxy Frog (Melanobatrachus indicus) is considered one of the rarest amphibians globally. Recent studies have shown that a group of seven Galaxy Frogs has likely vanished, presumed dead, after numerous photographers invaded their habitat. This alarming trend raises concerns about the conservation of this unique species.
Measuring between 2 to 3.5 centimeters, the Galaxy Frog is distinguished by its shiny black skin adorned with bluish-white speckles. These spots evoke a starry night sky, which is how the frog earned its name. Unlike many other frogs, the Galaxy Frog lacks a vocal sac, making it difficult to identify through calls. Its bright spots may serve as a form of communication.
This species thrives in moist environments, nesting under logs and stones on the forest floor at elevations exceeding 900 meters. It is endemic to the wet evergreen forests of the southern Western Ghats, specifically in the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, the Galaxy Frog faces several threats. Habitat loss due to the conversion of forest areas into farmland significantly impacts its population. Additionally, firewood collection and landslides further jeopardize its existence. Recently, photo tourism has emerged as a new and growing risk for these delicate creatures.
The Galaxy Frog is primarily nocturnal and particularly sensitive to light. It absorbs water and oxygen through its skin, necessitating moist air for survival. To maintain skin moisture, the frog secretes mucus, allowing it to breathe effectively through its skin.
As one of the flagship species of Mathikettan Shola National Park, the Galaxy Frog symbolizes the rich biodiversity of the Western Ghats. Protecting its habitat is vital for its survival and the overall health of the ecosystem.
Q1. What is the habitat of the Galaxy Frog?
Answer: The Galaxy Frog inhabits moist environments under logs and stones in forest floors at elevations above 900 meters in the Western Ghats of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Q2. Why is the Galaxy Frog considered vulnerable?
Answer: The Galaxy Frog is classified as vulnerable due to habitat loss from farming, firewood collection, landslides, and threats from photo tourism.
Q3. How does the Galaxy Frog breathe?
Answer: This species breathes through its skin, absorbing water and oxygen, which requires a moist environment to survive.
Q4. What makes the Galaxy Frog unique?
Answer: The Galaxy Frog's distinct shiny black skin with blue speckles and lack of a vocal sac differentiates it from other frogs, making it harder to identify by calls.
Q5. Where can I find the Galaxy Frog?
Answer: The Galaxy Frog is endemic to the wet evergreen forests of the southern Western Ghats, specifically in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India.
Question 1: What is the scientific name of the Galaxy Frog?
A) Melanobatrachus indicus
B) Hyla cinerea
C) Rana temporaria
D) Bufo bufo
Correct Answer: A
Question 2: In which national park is the Galaxy Frog a flagship species?
A) Periyar National Park
B) Bandipur National Park
C) Mathikettan Shola National Park
D) Silent Valley National Park
Correct Answer: C
Question 3: What is a major threat to the Galaxy Frog's habitat?
A) Climate change
B) Urbanization
C) Photo tourism
D) Pollution
Correct Answer: C
Question 4: How does the Galaxy Frog maintain skin moisture?
A) By drinking water
B) By secreting mucus
C) By hiding under rocks
D) By absorbing sunlight
Correct Answer: B
Question 5: What color are the speckles on the Galaxy Frog's skin?
A) Red
B) Green
C) Blue
D) Yellow
Correct Answer: C
Question 6: What elevation do Galaxy Frogs typically inhabit?
A) Below 500 meters
B) 500-900 meters
C) Above 900 meters
D) Sea level
Correct Answer: C
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