Pangolins are small to medium-sized mammals characterized by their unique protective keratin scales. These fascinating creatures are primarily nocturnal and are exceptional diggers, using their claws to access ant and termite mounds.
Yes, India is home to two species of pangolins: the Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) and the Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla).
The Indian Pangolin is widely distributed across the country, including the hills of South and Northeast India. In contrast, the Chinese Pangolin is mainly located in the Northeastern states.
Yes, both species found in India are listed as endangered. The Indian Pangolin is categorized as "Near Threatened," while the Chinese Pangolin is classified as "Critically Endangered" according to the IUCN Red List.
Major threats to pangolins include habitat loss and poaching. Their scales and meat are highly prized in traditional medicine and as a delicacy, making them one of the most trafficked mammals worldwide.
India has initiated various conservation programs and legal protections for pangolins. They are safeguarded under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, rendering their hunting and trade illegal.
Pangolins are easily identifiable by their overlapping scales. They possess a long, sticky tongue designed for consuming ants and termites, which constitute their primary food source.
Pangolins have few natural predators due to their protective scales. However, they are vulnerable to humans, who hunt them for their scales and meat.
The Maharashtra Pangolin Conservation Plan is a five-year initiative aimed at protecting these unique mammals. Maharashtra is the first state in India to implement such a dedicated plan.
While pangolins were highlighted as potential intermediate hosts for COVID-19, the illegal trade has not diminished. Maharashtra's Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (PCCF) received a request from Gujarat to address wildlife crimes following a case involving a live pangolin.
Q1. What are pangolins known for?
Answer: Pangolins are recognized for their unique protective keratin scales and are expert diggers, primarily consuming ants and termites.
Q2. Why are pangolins heavily trafficked?
Answer: Pangolins are heavily trafficked due to the high demand for their scales in traditional medicine and as delicacies, leading to significant poaching and illegal trade.
Q3. What protections are in place for pangolins in India?
Answer: Pangolins are protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, which prohibits their hunting and trade in India.
Q4. How can one help in pangolin conservation?
Answer: Supporting conservation initiatives, raising awareness about the illegal trade, and reporting suspicious activities can significantly aid in pangolin protection.
Q5. What is the ecological role of pangolins?
Answer: As insectivores, pangolins play a crucial role in controlling pest populations, contributing to the balance of their ecosystems.
Question 1: Which two species of pangolins are found in India?
A) Indian Pangolin and African Pangolin
B) Indian Pangolin and Chinese Pangolin
C) Chinese Pangolin and Sunda Pangolin
D) Indian Pangolin and Philippine Pangolin
Correct Answer: B
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