Exploring the Significance of the Parijat Tree in India

Parijat Tree (Kalpavriksh): Significance, Origin, and Conservation

The Parijat tree, also known as Kalpavriksh, holds immense cultural, ecological, and scientific importance in India. Found in regions like Kintoor (Barabanki), Jhusi (Prayagraj), and Sultanpur, some of these trees are believed to be more than 800 years old.

1. What is the Parijat tree and where is it found in India?

The Parijat or Kalpavriksh tree is a rare and sacred species found primarily in Uttar Pradesh, especially in Kintoor, Jhusi, and Sultanpur. These ancient trees are considered living heritage and are associated with local legends and traditions.

2. Why is there concern about the Parijat tree now?

Scientists have raised concerns over the declining health and population of Parijat trees. Factors such as over-exploitation, habitat loss, and climate change are contributing to their deterioration.

3. What are scientists suggesting?

Researchers recommend a botanical reclassification of the Parijat tree based on pollen structure and morphological traits. They suggest placing it in a new subfamily within the Malvaceae family to reflect its unique genetic and structural characteristics.

4. Why is reclassification important?

Reclassification would enhance scientific understanding of the species, aid in conservation planning, and bring greater taxonomic clarity for future research and protection measures.

5. What are the uses of the Parijat tree?

The Parijat tree offers multiple uses:

• Leaves: Used as fodder, vegetables, and flavouring agents.

• Bark: Fibrous and suitable for rope-making.

• Flowers and extracts: Used in food, beverages, and traditional remedies due to their nutritional and medicinal properties.

6. What is special about the Jhusi Parijat tree?

The Jhusi Parijat is known for its high water content (up to 79%), which supports its resilience in dry conditions. However, recent studies indicate a drop in moisture levels due to environmental stress and changing weather patterns.

7. What is the religious or cultural significance of the Parijat tree?

The Parijat tree holds sacred significance across communities:

• In Kintoor: It is linked with Kunti, the mother of the Pandavas, and revered in Hindu mythology.

• In Jhusi: It is associated with Sufi saint Baba Shaik Taqi and respected by the Muslim community.

This shared reverence symbolizes the tree’s role in interfaith harmony and cultural unity.

8. Where did the Parijat tree originally come from?

Botanically, the Parijat tree is believed to have African origins and was possibly introduced to India by Arab traders or European colonisers such as the Portuguese, Dutch, or French. Over time, it naturalized and became an integral part of Indian biodiversity and folklore.