The evolution of the Olympic Games since its reestablishment in Athens in 1896 has been remarkable. Initially featuring just 241 competitors, the Games have expanded to accommodate over 10,000 participants today. This growth raises an intriguing question: how does a sport become part of the Olympic program?
The journey begins with recognition as a sport by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). This initial step requires the sport to be governed by a recognized international non-governmental organization overseeing at least one sport.
Once a sport receives IOC recognition, the next stage involves attaining International Sports Federation (IF) status. The organization managing the sport must comply with the Olympic Movement Anti-Doping Code and the rules outlined in the Olympic Charter.
It's important to note that IOC recognition does not automatically guarantee that a sport will be included in the Games. The sport's IF must formally apply for admission, detailing the eligibility criteria. The IOC holds the authority to classify the sport as either a sport, discipline (a branch of a sport), or event (a competition within a discipline).
To be accepted into the Olympic Games, a sport must meet specific criteria: it should be widely practiced by men in at least 75 countries across four continents and by women in no fewer than 40 countries across three continents. Furthermore, the sport should enhance the Olympic Games' value and appeal while respecting modern traditions.
There are certain restrictions regarding the types of sports that can be included in the Olympics. Notably, purely "mind sports" and those relying on mechanical propulsion are excluded. Consequently, sports such as chess and automobile racing have not been part of the Olympic Games.
As we look ahead to the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, several exciting sports have been officially added. These include baseball/softball, cricket (T20), flag football, lacrosse (sixes), and squash.
While some of these sports are making their Olympic debut, such as flag football and squash, others are making a return. Baseball/softball, cricket, and lacrosse were previously featured in earlier Olympic Games.
The last appearance of baseball/softball at the Olympics was in Tokyo in 2020. Cricket and lacrosse, on the other hand, were part of the Olympic sports lineup during the early 1900s.
The decision to incorporate these sports into the 2028 Olympics was made during the IOC's 141st session held in Mumbai, India. This expansion signifies a dynamic shift in the Olympic sports landscape, reflecting the evolving interests of the global audience.
In conclusion, the path to Olympic inclusion is a rigorous process that ensures only the most widely practiced and appealing sports are represented. The upcoming LA28 Olympics promises to be an exciting showcase of both returning and new sports.
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