Seaweed farming, also known as aquaculture, involves the cultivation of seaweed in coastal waters or underwater farms. In India, this practice is gaining relevance as it aligns with green economy goals, promotes coastal development, and supports bio-economy ambitions, while simultaneously enhancing local livelihoods.
India is home to over 844 species of seaweed, but only around 60 of these are currently farmed on a commercial scale. The farming activities are on the rise in states like Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Odisha, showcasing the potential of this sector.
The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) is a significant government initiative aimed at increasing seaweed production to 1.12 million tonnes within five years. This program supports farmers by providing infrastructure and enhancing farming practices to boost production.
Seaweed farming offers substantial economic advantages. For instance, in Chilika Lake, Odisha, cultivators can earn up to ₹10,000 per month from just a 10-acre underwater farm. This income opportunity attracts local communities, improving their standard of living.
Seaweed is a versatile resource utilized in various products, including:
The environmental impact of seaweed farming is noteworthy. This practice is climate-neutral and serves as a carbon sequestration tool. Moreover, it plays a crucial role in conserving marine biodiversity and supporting coastal ecosystems.
To advance the seaweed sector, leveraging technology, data, and digital platforms is essential. By connecting farmers, suppliers, and buyers more effectively, the industry can scale up. Increased awareness and investment are critical factors that can drive further growth in this promising sector.
“True development lies in transforming natural resources into opportunities for all, while preserving their value for future generations.”
Q1. What is seaweed farming and its relevance in India?
Answer: Seaweed farming is the cultivation of seaweed in coastal waters, relevant in India for promoting green economy goals and enhancing local livelihoods.
Q2. How many seaweed species are found in India?
Answer: India hosts over 844 seaweed species, with around 60 farmed commercially, particularly in states like Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, and Odisha.
Q3. What are the economic benefits of seaweed farming?
Answer: Seaweed farming can yield significant income, with some cultivators in Chilika Lake earning up to ₹10,000 monthly from small underwater farms.
Q4. What products can be made using seaweed?
Answer: Seaweed is used to produce hydrocolloids, biodegradable packaging, and eco-friendly food products like seaweed crackers, showcasing its versatility.
Q5. How can the seaweed sector be further developed?
Answer: The seaweed sector can grow by utilizing technology and digital platforms to connect stakeholders, along with increased awareness and investment.
Question 1: What is the primary purpose of seaweed farming in India?
A) To enhance local livelihoods
B) To produce hydrocolloids
C) To reduce marine biodiversity
D) To replace agriculture
Correct Answer: A
Question 2: Which government scheme aims to boost seaweed production in India?
A) Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi
B) Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana
C) National Agricultural Development Scheme
D) Coastal Zone Management Scheme
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: How many species of seaweed are commercially farmed in India?
A) 20
B) 60
C) 100
D) 844
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: What is a significant economic benefit of seaweed farming in Odisha?
A) Increased pollution
B) Monthly earnings of ₹10,000
C) Reduced coastal development
D) Decreased marine life
Correct Answer: B
Question 5: What is a key environmental benefit of seaweed farming?
A) Decreased biodiversity
B) Carbon sequestration
C) Increased coastal erosion
D) Water pollution
Correct Answer: B
Question 6: Which state in India is NOT known for seaweed farming?
A) Gujarat
B) Tamil Nadu
C) Odisha
D) Uttar Pradesh
Correct Answer: D
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