A Small Modular Reactor (SMR) is a sophisticated nuclear reactor characterized by its smaller power capacity, typically not exceeding 300 MW. Unlike conventional nuclear plants, SMRs are designed for modular construction, which enhances scalability and significantly reduces costs.
The Bharat Small Modular Reactor (BSMR) represents India's indigenous approach to SMR technology. Developed by the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) in collaboration with the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCIL), the BSMR is a modified version of the Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR), boasting a capacity of 200 MW.
Once sanctioned, the construction of India's first BSMR is projected to take approximately 60 to 72 months, equating to about 5 to 6 years.
Energy-intensive sectors, including steel, aluminum, and cement industries, will leverage BSMRs for captive power generation. Additionally, these reactors can provide electricity to remote regions, enhancing energy access.
The BSMR is founded on globally recognized pressurized water reactor technology. It encompasses passive safety features and engineered systems to manage spent fuel, ensuring nuclear safety even during potential accidents.
The Indian government has pledged an investment of ₹20,000 crore towards establishing the first SMR by 2033, marking a significant commitment to nuclear energy advancement.
In the Union Budget 2024, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced initiatives to collaborate with the private sector for the development of Bharat Small Reactors (BSRs) and further research into nuclear technologies.
India aspires to achieve a nuclear power capacity of 100 GW by 2047, underscoring the importance of nuclear energy in the nation's energy strategy.
Small Modular Reactors serve as a reliable, low-carbon energy source that complements renewable energy sources. They play a crucial role in reducing dependence on fossil fuels, thereby enhancing India’s overall energy security. As emphasized, “The energy of the future must be clean, efficient, and accessible to all—technology will shape our destiny.”
Q1. What are the advantages of using SMRs in India?
Answer: SMRs offer modular construction, enhanced safety features, and efficient fuel usage. They can be deployed in remote locations and repurpose existing thermal plants.
Q2. How long will it take to construct India's first BSMR?
Answer: The construction of India's first BSMR is expected to take approximately 60 to 72 months after approval.
Q3. Which industries will benefit from BSMRs?
Answer: Industries such as steel, aluminum, and cement will utilize BSMRs for captive power, benefiting from their efficient energy generation.
Q4. What safety features do BSMRs include?
Answer: BSMRs incorporate passive safety mechanisms, engineered systems for spent fuel management, and are designed to ensure nuclear safety during accidents.
Q5. What is India's nuclear energy target for 2047?
Answer: India aims to achieve a nuclear power capacity of 100 GW by the year 2047, highlighting its commitment to expanding nuclear energy.
Question 1: What is the capacity of a typical Small Modular Reactor (SMR)?
A) Up to 100 MW
B) Up to 300 MW
C) Up to 500 MW
D) Up to 800 MW
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Who developed the Bharat Small Modular Reactor (BSMR)?
A) Indian Space Research Organisation
B) Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
C) Indian Oil Corporation
D) Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd.
Correct Answer: B
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