In Odisha, particularly within the Rayagada district, diverse tribal communities uphold a rich tradition of mural painting known as Idital. This unique art form employs rice powder against a striking red oxide background, showcasing intricate designs and cultural narratives.
Among the tribes, the Saura Tribe stands out as the primary creators of Idital paintings. They craft various Idital artworks for special occasions and rituals, reflecting their vibrant culture.
While the Saura community is prominent, it is essential to recognize that Odisha is home to multiple Scheduled Tribes, each with distinct artistic expressions. Many of these tribes feature their variations of mural paintings, contributing to the rich tapestry of Odisha's tribal art.
The artisans who create Idital paintings are primarily tribal artists from the region. They may not belong to a single tribe but rather represent the diverse tribal populations, showcasing their shared heritage through art.
Idital murals serve more than just aesthetic purposes; they are a means for tribal communities to honor deities, ancestors, and the prosperity of their villages. The themes depicted in these paintings reflect the tribal lifestyle, encompassing agriculture, hunting, rituals, and the surrounding natural environment.
This artistic initiative, supported by the Odisha Lalit Kala Academy, not only highlights the creative talents of these tribal communities but also offers them a platform to share their culture and heritage with a wider audience. The thriving artistic traditions in Odisha's tribal regions are a testament to their rich cultural legacy.
Initiated in 2018, the GOBARdhan scheme is revolutionizing rural energy solutions in Bihar, India. As part of the Swachh Bharat Mission, this initiative focuses on converting cow dung into methane gas, providing a sustainable energy source for households.
Villages such as Bataspur, Donha, and Sakri-Wajidpur benefit from this scheme, with methane gas being piped directly into homes. This eco-friendly solution offers a cost-effective alternative to conventional fuels, promoting both cleanliness and energy independence.
Additionally, the GOBARdhan scheme generates income opportunities for cattle rearers who can sell cow dung, fostering a sustainable economic model. This dual approach not only benefits rural households but also supports environmental sustainability.
Q1. What are Idital paintings?
Answer: Idital paintings are traditional tribal murals created by the Saura community in Odisha, using rice powder on red oxide backgrounds to express cultural themes and rituals.
Q2. How does the GOBARdhan scheme work?
Answer: The GOBARdhan scheme converts cow dung into methane gas, piping it into households in rural Bihar for clean energy, promoting both hygiene and sustainability.
Q3. Who are the artists behind Idital paintings?
Answer: The artists are primarily tribal artisans from the Saura community and other scheduled tribes in Odisha, each contributing unique styles and themes to the murals.
Q4. What is the significance of tribal murals in Odisha?
Answer: Tribal murals like Idital serve as artistic expressions of cultural identity, honoring deities and ancestors while reflecting the lifestyle and environment of tribal communities.
Q5. What benefits does the GOBARdhan scheme provide?
Answer: The scheme offers clean energy, reduces reliance on traditional fuels, and creates income opportunities for cattle rearers, fostering economic growth in rural areas.
Question 1: What is the primary purpose of the Idital paintings?
A) Decorative purposes
B) Cultural expression and rituals
C) Commercial art
D) Modern art forms
Correct Answer: B
Question 2: Which community is most known for creating Idital paintings?
A) Gond
B) Saura
C) Santhal
D) Bhil
Correct Answer: B
Question 3: What does the GOBARdhan scheme aim to convert cow dung into?
A) Fertilizer
B) Methane gas
C) Biodegradable waste
D) Organic compost
Correct Answer: B
Question 4: What is a benefit of the GOBARdhan scheme for rural households?
A) Increased livestock
B) Clean energy sources
C) Higher agricultural yields
D) Better education
Correct Answer: B
Question 5: How does the GOBARdhan scheme support income generation?
A) By selling cow dung as fertilizer
B) By providing loans
C) By offering scholarships
D) By funding educational programs
Correct Answer: A
Question 6: Which initiative is the GOBARdhan scheme part of?
A) Digital India
B) Swachh Bharat Mission
C) Make in India
D) Skill India
Correct Answer: B
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