Everything You Need to Know About Biofortified Potatoes

Biofortified Potatoes: FAQs

1. What are biofortified potatoes?

Biofortified potatoes are developed through breeding techniques to naturally contain higher levels of essential micronutrients. In this case, the focus is on iron-fortified varieties developed by the International Potato Center (CIP), Peru, now being introduced in Indian markets. These varieties also include sweet potatoes rich in vitamin A.

2. What scientific methods are used for fortification?

The process involves conventional plant breeding, not genetic modification. It uses high-nutrient germplasm (plant genetic material) to produce new varieties:

• Germplasm with high iron content was shared with ICAR’s Central Potato Research Institute in Shimla.
• The crop is undergoing local adaptation trials under Indian agro-climatic conditions.

3. Why is iron fortification important?

Iron deficiency is a major cause of anemia, particularly among women and children. Including iron-rich potatoes in regular diets can help:

• Combat malnutrition and hidden hunger
• Improve cognitive development in children
• Enhance energy and productivity in adults

4. What are the expected benefits for farmers?

• Better market access: Biofortified sweet potato seeds will help farmers improve produce quality.
• Improved crop value: Varieties tailored to local conditions may yield better prices.
• Reliable seed supply: CIP aims to develop robust seed multiplication chains.
• Expansion opportunities: Support for school meal programmes and exports is anticipated.

5. Which Indian states are involved?

Biofortified potatoes have already been introduced in:

• Karnataka
• Assam
• West Bengal
• Odisha

Agra, located in the heart of the potato belt, will host the CIP South Asia Regional Centre.

6. What is the government’s role?

The Government of India and state authorities (e.g., Uttar Pradesh) facilitate land, research support, and coordination. A regional governing committee comprising India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh will supervise the centre.

7. How will the public benefit?

• School feeding programmes will access iron-rich potatoes for mid-day meals.
• Low-income communities will benefit from targeted distribution of nutritious seeds.
• The project addresses both health equity and agricultural sustainability.

8. Is this part of a larger food security strategy?

Yes. The initiative is part of a global movement promoting climate-resilient, nutrient-rich staple crops. Along with hybrid and biofortified crops, it complements efforts like:

• Pulse and horticulture promotion
• Diversified crop systems
• Linking agriculture to public health outcomes