Cuban scientists have initiated significant restoration efforts in Cuba’s Zapata Swamp to prevent the extinction of the Cuban gar.
The Cuban gar (Atractosteus tristoechus), also known as the manjuarí, is a notable fish belonging to the family Lepisosteidae. This species is part of the “gars” family, which has existed for approximately 100 million years. The Cuban gar primarily inhabits tropical freshwater environments but can also be found in brackish waters.
This fish is particularly remarkable for its high tolerance to elevated ammonia and nitrate levels in water. Additionally, it possesses the unique ability to breathe atmospheric air when faced with low oxygen levels in its aquatic environment.
The Cuban gar thrives in a variety of habitats, ranging from large lakes and rivers to sluggish tributaries, backwaters, and pools. It is capable of surviving in both fresh and brackish waters, showcasing its adaptability.
This species is predominantly found in the rivers and lakes of western Cuba and the Isla de la Juventud.
Cuban gars are ambush predators, primarily feeding on smaller fish and aquatic crustaceans, making them an important part of their natural ecosystem.
Despite its resilience, the Cuban gar faces several threats, including habitat loss and the introduction of invasive species such as the African walking catfish, which disrupts the local ecosystem.
According to the IUCN, the Cuban gar is classified as Critically Endangered, highlighting the urgent need for conservation efforts to ensure its survival.
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